机压滴灌管网优化设计与应用  

Optimization design and application of drip irrigation pipe network

作　　者：宋博 钱治丞 赵冰[1] 曲颂 SONG Bo;QIAN Zhicheng;ZHAO Bing;QU Song(School of Electronic Engineering,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学电子工程学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《黑龙江大学自然科学学报》2022年第2期222-230,共9页Journal of Natural Science of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61801173);黑龙江大学学位与研究生教育教学改革研究项目(JGXM_YJS_2019023)。

摘　　要：传统滴灌工程设计过度依赖设计人员经验,滴灌系统成本和能耗较高。为了降低管网建设及运行成本,提出了机压滴灌系统管网的优化方法,以骨干管网中干管、分干管管径和水泵扬程为控制变量,以管网年费用最小为目标,建立优化设计模型,应用改进的萤火虫算法求解,实现骨干管网的管径组合优化。该算法针对标准萤火虫算法存在的内部缺陷,对萤火虫的初始位置、步长因子及最优位置进行了改进。4个测试函数的仿真实验结果表明,改进萤火虫算法较标准萤火虫算法和遗传算法在寻优精度和收敛速度方面更具优势,适合求解复杂优化问题。将改进算法应用到实际滴灌项目中,改进算法能够快速有效地得到符合工程实际的设计方案,骨干管网年费用较传统经济流速法设计降低了43.71%,节省投资效果明显。Traditional drip irrigation engineering design relies on the experience of designers too much, and the cost and energy consumption of drip irrigation systems are high. In order to reduce the cost of pipe network construction and operation, an optimization method for the pipe network of the mechanical pressure drip irrigation system is proposed. In the backbone network, main points and main pipe diameter and pump head as control variables, the minimum pipe network in cost as the objective, optimization design model is established based on the firefly algorithm to improve the pipe diameter combination of the backbone network optimation.Aiming at the internal defects of the standard firefly algorithm, the algorithm improves the initial position of the firefly, the step factor and the optimal position of the firefly. The simulation experiment results of four test functions show that the improved firefly algorithm has more advantages than the standard firefly algorithm and genetic algorithm in terms of optimization accuracy and convergence speed, and it is suitable for solving complex optimization problems. The improved algorithm is applied to the actual drip irrigation project. The application results show that the application of the improved algorithm can quickly and effectively obtain the design plan that meets the actual project. The annual cost of the backbone pipeline network is reduced by 43.71% compared with the traditional economic flow rate method design, which saves investment obviously.

关 键 词：滴灌 骨干管网 管径优化 改进萤火虫算法 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]