抗污界面构建及其电化学生物传感应用进展  

Advances in Construction and Electrochemical Biosensing of Antifouling Interfaces

作　　者：黎振华[1,3] 诸颖 陈静[1,2] 宋世平 LI Zhen-Hua;ZHU Ying;CHEN Jing;SONG Shi-Ping(Division of Physical Biology,C4S Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology,Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;The ITiler disciplinary Research Center,Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility,Zhangjiang Laboratory,Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201210,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所物理生物研究室,中国科学院微观界面与探测重点实验室,上海201800 [2]中国科学院上海高等研究员基础交叉研究中心,上海同步辐射光源,张江实验室,上海201210 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用化学》2022年第5期736-748,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划质量专项项目(No.2018YFF0212803);国家自然科学基金项目(No.21974147)资助。

摘　　要：电化学生物传感器具有灵敏度高、便携性好、响应快速和易于集成等优点,在临床检测方面有很大应用潜力,并在可穿戴健康监测领域得到了快速发展。但在实际临床生物样本检测中,非靶标生物物质会在电极表面产生非特异性吸附(即生物污染),影响了电化学生物传感器的性能。因此,构建具有防污染能力的传感界面(抗污界面),防止非靶标物质吸附到电极表面,对于扩大电化学生物传感器的实际应用范围,实现在复杂生物样本中的检测至关重要。本文概述了物理、化学和生物抗污电极界面的构建及其在临床相关生物标志物检测中的应用,为电化学生物传感器实际应用性能的提升提供技术参考,并通过对界面抗污原理和存在问题的探讨,对抗污界面发展前景和未来趋势予以展望。Electrochemical biosensors have made rapid development in the field of wearable healthcare monitoring and have great potential applications in clinical detection due to high sensitivity,good portability,fast response and easy integration. However,non-specific adsorption of non-target biological substances on the electrode surface(i. e.,biofouling)when exposed to the actual clinical biological sample affects the performance of electrochemical biosensors. Therefore,the construction of a sensing interface with antifouling capability(antifouling interface)to prevent non-target substances from adsorbing to the electrode surface is of great importance for expanding the practical application range of electrochemical sensors and realizing detection in complex biological samples. In this review,antifouling electrode interfaces based on physical,chemical,or biological strategies and their application in clinical biomarker detection are summarized,which provides technical references for the improvement of electrochemical biosensors in practical application.Finally,we discuss the principle,current problems and positive prospects of antifouling strategies in complex sample matrix.

关 键 词：抗污界面 电化学生物传感 生物样本 临床检测 

分 类 号：O652[理学—分析化学]