基于系数搜索的振动补偿方法  

A coefficient searching based vibration correction method

作　　者：要佳敏 庄伟[1] 冯金扬[1] 王启宇 赵阳[1] 王少凯[1] 吴书清[1] 李天初[1] Yao Jia-Min;Zhuang Wei;Feng Jin-Yang;Wang Qi-Yu;Zhao Yang;Wang Shao-Kai;Wu Shu-Qing;Li Tian-Chu(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第11期401-417,共17页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFB3900204);中国计量科学研究院基本科研业务费(批准号:29-AKY1922-21,AKYZD2002)资助的课题。

摘　　要：绝对重力仪普遍采用激光干涉式或原子干涉式的测量原理来测量重力加速度的绝对值,在地球物理等领域有着广泛的应用.振动补偿是一种有效减小地面振动对绝对重力仪测量精度的影响的方法,尤其适用于复杂振动环境.本文介绍了一种基于传递函数简化模型的、用于实时修正原子干涉式绝对重力仪干涉条纹的振动补偿方法,给出了该方法的工作原理及搜索模型系数的具体算法流程,然后利用仿真运算验证算法的有效性,最后利用已有的原子干涉式绝对重力仪对算法效果进行了实验评估.结果表明,使用该振动补偿算法对原子重力仪的干涉条纹进行修正,最大可将干涉条纹的余弦拟合残差的标准差衰减58%.该振动补偿算法具有较强的自适应性,有望提升原子干涉式绝对重力仪在不同测量环境尤其是复杂振动环境中的测量精度.Absolute gravimeter has played an important role in geophysics,metrology,geological exploration,etc.It is an instrument applying laser interferometry or atom interferometry to the measurement of gravitational acceleration g(approximately 9.8 m/s^(2)).To achieve a high accuracy,a vibration correction method is often employed to reduce the influence of the vibration of the reference object(a retro-reflector or a mirror)on the measurement result of absolute gravimeter.Specifically,in an atomic-interferometry absolute gravimeter,the phase noise caused by the vibration of the reference mirror,namely the vibration phase,can be calculated from the output signal of a sensor,either a seismometer or an accelerometer,placed below or next to the mirror.Considering this vibration phase,the fringe signal of the atomic interferometer as a function of the phase shift set by the control system of the gravimeter can be corrected to approach to an ideal sinusoidal curve,thus reducing the fitting residual.Currently,the parameters in the algorithm of most vibration correction methods used in atomic-interferometry absolute gravimeters are set to be constant.As a result,the performances of these methods may be limited when the practical transfer function between the real vibration of the reference mirror and the signal of the sensor has a variation due to the change of measurement environments.In this paper,based on a simplified model of the practical transfer function previously proposed in an algorithm used in laser-interferometry absolute gravimeter,a new vibration correction method for atomic-interferometry absolute gravimeter is presented.Firstly,a detailed description of its principle is introduced.With a searching algorithm,the time delay and the proportional element in the simplified model can be obtained from the fringe signal of the atomic interferometer and the output of the vibration sensor.In this way,the parameters used to calculate the vibration phase can be adjusted to approach to their true values in different environm

关 键 词：绝对重力仪 /振动修正 /地震计 /原子干涉 

分 类 号：P223.1[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]