露天矿山运输路面泡沫抑尘剂的配方优选及性能试验研究  

Experimental study on formulation optimization and performance of foam dust suppressant for transport road surface of open pit mine

作　　者：刘家进 邬长福[1,2] 陈祖云 黄志胜[1,2] LIU Jiajin;WU Changfu;CHEN Zuyun;HUANG Zhisheng(Faculty of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Tecchnology,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西省矿冶环境污染控制重点实验室,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2022年第5期163-169,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51464016,51864016)。

摘　　要：为有效解决露天矿山运输路面的大量扬尘,针对现有抑尘剂存在的降解性差、成本较高、保水率差、除尘效率过低等问题,在对某露天矿山的扬尘进行表征分析的基础上,采用绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷0.1%APG作为主剂、0.6%K12作为起泡剂、0.4%PAM作为稳泡剂、0.3%LAS作为润湿剂,通过测定泡沫的表面张力、泡沫体积、粉尘接触角、粉尘浸润深度确定各试剂的最佳质量分数,初步确定6个泡沫抑尘剂配方,选择保水率、抗风蚀性、抑尘效率作为性能指标,结果表明:配方为m(0.6%K12)∶m(0.1%APG)∶m(0.4%PAM)∶m(0.3%LAS)=1.05∶1∶0.6∶0.1的保水性、抗压强度、抗风蚀性均优于其他配方,全尘与呼吸性粉尘的抑尘效率分别高达87.11%,75.26%,经pH测试,符合绿色环保的要求。In order to effectively solve the large amount of dust on the transport road surface of open pit mine,aiming at the phenomena such as poor degradation,high cost,poor water retention and low dust removal efficiency of the existing dust suppressants,on the basis of the characterization analysis of the dust from an open pit mine,taking the green surfactant alkyl glycoside(0.1%APG)as the main agent,0.6%K12 as the foaming agent,0.4%PAM as the foam stabilizing agent and 0.3%LAS as the wetting agent,the optimal mass fraction of each reagent was determined by measuring the surface tension of foam,foam volume,dust contact angle and dust infiltration depth,then six formulations of foam dust suppressant were preliminarly determined,and the water retention,wind erosion resistance and dust suppression efficiency were selected as the performance indexes.The results showed that the formulation of m(0.6%K12)∶m(0.1%APG)∶m(0.4%PAM)∶m(0.3%LAS)=1.05∶1∶0.6∶0.1 had better water retention,compressive strength and wind erosion resistance than the other formulations,and the dust suppression efficiency of total dust and respirable dust was 87.11%and 75.26%,respectively,which could meet the requirements of green environmental protection through the pH test.

关 键 词：露天矿山 泡沫抑尘剂 扬尘 抑尘效率 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X513