薯蔓并长期水分调控对甘薯光合生理指标、产量和水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of water regulation on photosynthetic physiology indexes,yield and water use efficiency of sweetpotato in storage root initiation period

作　　者：任衍齐 刘苇航 李欢[1] 刘庆[1] 李思平 张辉[3] 张永春[3] Ren Yanqi;Liu Weihang;Li Huan;Liu Qing;Li Siping;Zhang Hui;Zhang Yongchun(College of Resource&Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China;College of Resources&Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources&Environmental Research,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094 [3]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期20-26,共7页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-10-B10),山东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010435072)。

摘　　要：分别于胶东地区胶州(典型平原)和莱阳(典型丘陵)2个种植区进行田间试验,于薯蔓并长期设置3个补充灌溉水平,CK、T_(1)、T_(2)分别为0、150、300 m^(3)/hm^(2),研究不同灌水用量对甘薯光合生理指标、产量和水分利用效率的影响.结果表明:薯蔓并长期补充灌溉提高了土壤含水量、叶片相对含水率和叶面积指数,促进了地上源器官的建成;适量灌溉(T_(1)处理)与CK相比,均显著提高了甘薯净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))和蒸腾速率(T_(r)).胶州地区适量灌溉显著提高了甘薯产量,但过量灌溉(T_(2)处理)与CK相比差异不显著;莱阳地区T_(2)处理产量最高,T_(1)处理次之,较CK均显著增产.胶州地区T_(1)处理的补充灌溉利用效率和总水分利用效率均为最高,其中总水分利用效率较CK提高29.1%;而莱阳地区的补充灌溉利用效率和总水分利用效率均以T_(2)处理为最高,其中总水分利用效率较CK提高55.3%.平原薯区(胶州地区)在薯蔓并长期进行适量灌溉能促进干物质量的累积,改善甘薯源库关系,进而提高产量;而丘陵薯区(莱阳地区)则需要多水灌溉,以提高产量和水分利用效率.Field experiments were carried out in Jiaozhou(typical plain)and Laiyang(typical hilly)planting areas in Jiaodong area,and three supplementary irrigation levels(the irrigation amount of CK,T_(1) and T_(2) treatments were 0,150 and 300 m^(3)/hm^(2) respectively)were set in storage root initiation period,the effects of different irrigation levels on photosynthetic physiological indexes,yield and water use efficiency of sweetpotato were studied.The results showed that supplementary irrigation in storage root initiation period increased soil water content,leaf relative water content and leaf area index,and promoted the growth of aboveground stems and leaves.Moderate irrigation treatment(T_(1))were significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),stomatal conductance(G_(s))and transpiration rate(T_(r))of sweetpotato than that of CK.Moderate irrigation significantly increased the yield of sweetpotato in Jiaozhou area,but there was no significant difference between excessive irrigation(T_(2) treatment)and CK.The yield of T_(2) treatment was the highest in Laiyang area,followed by T_(1) treatment,which were significantly higher than that of CK.The supplementary irrigation use efficiency and total water use efficiency of the T_(1) in Jiaozhou were the highest,and the total water use efficiency was significantly higher than that of CK by 29.1%.While the supplementary irrigation use efficiency and total water use efficiency of the Laiyang area were both the highest in the T_(2).The total water use efficiency was significantly improved by 55.3%compared with CK.At plain sweetpotato area(Jiaozhou),moderate irrigation can enhance biomass accumulation and improve the relationship between the source and sink of sweetpotato in storage root initiation period,thereby increasing yield,while hilly sweetpotato areas(Laiyang)require more water irrigation to increase yield and water use efficiency.

关 键 词：甘薯 薯蔓并长期 光合参数 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]