黄河三角洲典型城市夏季臭氧污染特征与敏感性分析  

Characteristics and Sensitivity Analysis of Ozone in the Representative City of the Yellow River Delta in Summer

作　　者：赵敏 申恒青 陈天舒 李吉东 孙忠泉 纪元元 薛丽坤 李红[3] 王文兴 尚凡一[4] ZHAO Min;SHEN Hengqing;CHEN Tianshu;LI Jidong;SUN Zhongquan;JI Yuanyuan;XUE Likun;LI Hong;WANG Wenxing;SHANG Fanyi(Environment Research Institute,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;Dongying Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Dongying 257000,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Dongying Ecological and Environmental Bureau,Dongying 257091,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学环境研究院,山东青岛266237 [2]东营市生态环境监控中心,山东东营257000 [3]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [4]东营市生态环境局,山东东营257091

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2022年第6期1351-1361,共11页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：东营市细颗粒物和臭氧协同防控示范研究(No.DQGG202121);山东省自然科学基金(No.ZR2019JQ09);中国博士后科学基金(No.2021M691921)。

摘　　要：为探究黄河三角洲代表性城市东营市夏季环境空气臭氧(O_(3))污染成因,利用2021年6月东营市大气超级站监测数据与基于观测的化学盒子模型(OBM),较为全面地分析了O_(3)污染特征与O_(3)生成敏感性机制,并开展了前体物减排效果评估.结果表明:①2021年6月东营市O_(3)污染较严重,O_(3)污染天〔日最大8 h平均O_(3)浓度值(MDA8-O_(3))≥160μg/m^(3)〕占比达50.0%,MDA8-O_(3)、挥发性有机物(VOCs)和氮氧化物(NO_(x))浓度平均值较非污染天分别升高70.0%、10.4%和7.6%.②O_(3)污染天呈高温、低湿的特点,O_(3)浓度与温度的相关性在污染天显著增强.③基于本地化的O_(3)生成潜势计算表明,与非污染天相比,污染天异戊二烯、乙烯和甲苯对O_(3)生成潜势的贡献分别增加了114.3%、68.6%和38.2%.④污染天O_(3)本地净生成速率明显升高.O_(3)生成处于VOCs-NO_(x)协同控制区,减少VOCs和NO_(x)排放均可有效降低O_(3)生成.研究显示,现阶段东营市应实施VOCs/NO_(x)协同减排比例大于或等于1∶1的减排策略,污染天(尤其是夜间)应加大NO_(x)及VOCs减排力度,减轻污染天温度升高及植物源排放增加等不可控因素对O_(3)污染的影响.In order to understand the formation of ambient ozone(O_(3))pollution in the representative city of Dongying in the Yellow River Delta in summer,a comprehensive analysis of O_(3) pollution characteristics,O_(3) formation mechanisms and the emission reduction effects of O_(3) precursors was conducted based on measurements made at the Dongying station and an Observation Box Model(OBM)in June,2021.The results showed that:(1)The O_(3) polluted days(defined as the daily maximum 8-h average concentration of O_(3)(MDA8-O_(3))≥160μg/m^(3))were up to 50.0%in June,2021.During O_(3) polluted days,the average concentrations of MDA8-O_(3),volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))were 70.0%,10.4%and 7.6%higher than during the clean days,respectively.(2)O_(3) polluted days are characterized by high temperature,low relative humidity,and strong correlation of O_(3) with temperature.(3)Based on the local maximum incremental reactivity values,the contributions of isoprene,ethene,and toluene to O_(3) formation increased by 114.3%,68.6%and 38.2%,respectively,during the polluted days.(4)During the O_(3) polluted days,net O_(3) production rates increased significantly,and O_(3) formation was sensitive to both VOCs and NO_(x).This study reveals the severe O_(3) pollution in Dongying in June,2021 and demonstrates that the synergistic emission reduction ratio of VOCs and NO_(x) should be greater or equal to 1:1.During the O_(3) polluted days(especially at night),emission reduction of NO_(x) and VOCs should be strengthened to reduce the deterioration of O_(3) caused by uncontrollable factors such as temperature and biological sources.

关 键 词：环境空气臭氧 臭氧生成潜势 敏感性分析 基于观测的化学盒子模型(OBM) 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]