全球电离层GNSS星座监测与仿真  

Ionospheric occultation constellation:Global monitoring and simulation

作　　者：苟晓晨 于锡峥 李磊 吴小成 Gou Xiaochen;Yu Xizheng;Li Lei;Wu Xiaocheng(State Key Laboratory of Space Weather,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Joint Research and Development Center of the Chinese Science Academy and Shen County,Shandong 252400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [3]中科莘县联合研发中心,山东252400

出　　处：《地球与行星物理论评》2022年第5期597-604,共8页Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(41904147);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC1503503)。

摘　　要：太阳是引起电离层扰动的主要根源,而电离层暴等电离层扰动对短波通信、卫星导航等均有重大影响,实现全球电离层的精准探测对预报扰动非常重要.本文以全球电离层监测为目标,采用8×8颗轨道高度为1020 km的太阳同步轨道卫星组网,构成电离层GNSS掩星星座,可实现全球电子密度、总电子含量(TEC)等电离层参数的同步监测.轨道仿真结果显示,2小时内采用2°×2°网格,300 km高度掩星点低、中、高纬度空间覆盖率可达31.83%、49.84%、75.25%,全球70%以上区域的水平分辨率优于200 km.同时,利用国际电离层参考(IRI)模型模拟磁暴期间全球电离层电子密度分布,结合轨道仿真数据,对该掩星星座的监测效果进行了验证.结果表明,该星座能够在2小时时间尺度上,监测全球电离层100~1000 km高度的电子密度、TEC等参数空间变化,水平分辨率200 km.结合现有地基和天基电离层观测数据,可为研究磁层—电离层耦合及电离层暴的全球尺度时空演化特性提供新的视野,为空间环境预报提供数据支撑.As we all know,the solar radiation can cause ionospheric disturbances such as ionospheric storms,which have great influence on short wavelength communication and satellite navigation.As a result,the global ionospheric monitoring is very important for accurately predicting of ionospheric disturbances.This paper proposes a new ionospheric microsatellite constellation network,which aims to realize dynamic monitoring of the global ionosphere based on the GNSS radio occultation technology.It adopts 8×8 microsatellite constellation on solar synchronous orbits at an altitude of 1020 km.The simulation result of satellite orbit show that it can monitor global ionospheric parameters such as electron density,TEC,index of refraction and bending angle.According to the simulation result,under 2°×2°grid,the coverage at low,middle and high latitudes at 300 km altitude are 31.83%,49.84%and 75.25%,respectively.And the horizontal resolution is better than 200 km for more than 70%of the world.This new constellation network can make up for the lack of ground-based detection coverage in the ocean region and improve the global coverage of the ionosphere.Additionally,based on the International Refer-ence Ionosphere(IRI)model,and simulated satellite orbits,the monitoring effects during a magnetic storm are simu-lated.The results show that this constellation can monitor the dynamic global response of the ionosphere with a time resolution of 2 hours,which can be expected to provide a new perspective for the study of magnetosphere-ionospheric coupling and the global evolution of the ionospheric storms,and support the prediction of space weath-er.

关 键 词：电离层暴 GNSS掩星 星座组网 轨道仿真 

分 类 号：P352[天文地球—空间物理学]