耕作措施对陇中黄土高原旱作春小麦田非生长季CO_(2)排放通量的影响  

Effects of cultivation measures on CO_(2) emission flux in the non-growing season of spring wheat field in the loess plateau of central Gansu Province

作　　者：张世康 闫丽娟[1] 李广[2,3] 杨传杰 吴江琪 刘帅楠 姚瑶 魏星星 张娟 ZHANG Shikang;YAN Lijuan;LI Guang;YANG Chuanjie;WU Jiangqi;LIU Shuainan;YAO Yao;WEI Xingxing;ZHANG Juan(Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Sciences,College of Agronomy,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070;College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Information Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2022年第1期56-65,共10页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃省财政专项(GSCZZ-20160909);甘肃省重点人才项目(LRYCZ-2020-1);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(18YF1NA070);甘肃省高等学校协同创新团队项目(2018C-16)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同耕作措施下陇中黄土高原旱作春小麦田非生长季CO_(2)的排放特征及其影响因素,以期为黄土高原雨养农业区春小麦田CO_(2)的减排提供依据。【方法】利用静态箱-气象色谱法对传统耕作(T)、传统+秸秆覆盖(TS)、免耕(NT)和免耕+覆盖(NTS)措施下的非生长季CO_(2)排放通量的动态变化进行研究,并与其影响因素做回归分析。【结果】与传统耕作相比,免耕可以明显减少麦田CO_(2)的排放,秸秆覆盖可以增加麦田CO_(2)的排放。在春小麦非生长季,4种耕作措施间的土壤CO_(2)排放通量都表现为先减小后增加,TS的CO_(2)排放的平均通量最大,NT的CO_(2)排放的平均通量最小。土壤CO_(2)的排放通量与0~20 cm的土壤有机碳含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);与0~10 cm土壤全磷含量、土壤全氮含量、土壤铵态氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与10~40 cm的土壤硝态氮呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。【结论】在春小麦非生长季,与传统耕作相比,免耕可以明显减少麦田CO_(2)的排放,秸秆覆盖可以增加麦田CO_(2)的排放;影响土壤CO_(2)的排放主要因素为土壤温度,0~10 cm的土壤全氮含量、土壤全磷含量和铵态氮含量,0~20 cm的土壤有机碳含量和10~40 cm的土壤硝态氮含量。【Objective】To study the non-growing CO_(2)emission characteristics and influencing factors of spring wheat fields in dry farming on the Loess Plateau under different farming measures,in order to provide a basis for reducing CO_(2)emissions from spring wheat fields in rain-fed agricultural areas on the Loess Plateau.【Method】Static box-weather chromatography was used to measure CO_(2)emission fluxes in non-growing seasons under traditional tillage(T),traditional+straw mulch(TS),no-tillage(NT)and no-tillage+mulch(NTS)measures.The regression analysis was conducted with its influencing factors.【Result】Compared with traditional farming,no-tillage can significantly reduce CO_(2)emissions from wheat fields,and straw mulching can increase CO_(2)emissions from wheat fields.In the non-growing season of spring wheat,the soil CO_(2)emission fluxes among the four farming measures decreased first and then increased.The average flux of TS CO_(2)emission was the largest,and the average flux of NT CO_(2)emission was the smallest.The emission flux of soil CO_(2)has a very significant positive correlation with the 0~20 cm soil organic carbon content(P<0.01);it has a significant positive correlation with the 0~10 cm soil total phosphorus content,soil total nitrogen content,and soil ammonium nitrogen content There was a significant positive correlation(P<0.05),and a significant positive correlation with 10~40 cm soil nitrate nitrogen(P<0.05).【Conclusion】In the non-growing season of spring wheat,compared with traditional farming,no-tillage can significantly reduce CO_(2)emissions from wheat fields,and straw mulching can increase CO_(2)emissions from wheat fields;the main factor affecting CO_(2)emissions from soil is soil temperature,0~10 cm Soil total nitrogen content,soil total phosphorus content and ammonium nitrogen content,0~20 cm soil organic carbon content and 10~40 cm soil nitrate nitrogen content.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 非生长季 CO_(2) 排放通量 环境因素 

分 类 号：S344[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]