农户“一家两制”生产行为的实践与理论检视——基于双岭村作物特性、地块差别和农产品价格弹性的考察  

A Practical and Theoretical Review of Farmers′"One Family-Two Systems"Production Behavior:An Examination of Crop Characteristics,Plot Differences and Price Elasticity of Agricultural Products in Shuangling Village

作　　者：王振 WANG Zhen(College of Public Administration,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学公共管理学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第3期100-111,共12页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University (SOCIAL SCIENCES)

基　　金：山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(编号:2020W038);山西省社科联重点课题(编号:SSKLZDKT2020061);山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(编号:SXYBKY2018018);山西农业大学哲学社会科学课题(编号:2018YJ02)。

摘　　要：“一家两制”概念被用以解释农户农作过程中面向家庭消费和市场销售的差别化生产现象,并将其视作食品安全压力下农户“个体自保”的内在逻辑。回到农业生产细节,检视“一家两制”概念下的作物特性、地块差别和农产品价格弹性差别,以及多元理性解释框架存在的不足,认为:(1)“一家两制”概念下的差别化生产并非普遍的农作现象,食品安全问题与“一家两制”下的差别化生产行为之间,并不存在明确且普遍的因果逻辑关系和时序前后关系。(2)作物特性、农地碎片化和农产品价格弹性会影响农户的差别化生产行为,但是主要表现在个别特殊的经济作物上。(3)“一家两制”概念下的多元理性解释框架与农户行为契合度不足,农户用于家庭消费、社会交往和市场销售的农产品大多数情况下呈现出一致而非差别的特征,且经济因素起主导作用。因此,“一家两制”概念及其理论预设难以有效解释农业生产中个别而非普遍的差别化生产行为。可以从农户间横向整合、整治农地碎片化、加强针对面向市场的规模化农业监管3个层面解决农业化学品投入过量等问题。The concept of"one family,two systems"is used to explain the phenomenon of differential production between household consumption and market sales in the farming process,and is seen as the internal logic of"individual self-preservation"by farmers under food security pressure.The article reviews the details of agricultural production and examines the differences in crop characteristics,plot size,and price elasticity of agricultural products under the concept of"one family,two systems,"as well as the shortcomings of the multiple rationality explanatory framework.The article argues that:(1)differential production under the concept of"one family,two systems"is not a universal farming phenomenon.There is no clear and universal causal logic and temporal relationship between food safety issues and differential production behavior under"one family,two systems".(2)Crop characteristics,land fragmentation,and price elasticity of agricultural products affect the differential production behavior of farmers,but mainly in the case of specific cash crops.(3)The multiple rationality explanatory framework under the concept of"one family,two systems"does not fit well with farmers′behavior,and the agricultural products used by farmers for household consumption,social interaction and market sales are mostly consistent rather than differential,and economic factors play a dominant role.Further,the article argues that the concept of"one family,two systems"and its theoretical assumptions are not effective in explaining individual rather than universal differentiated production behavior in agricultural production.The article further argues that the problem of excessive agricultural chemical inputs can be solved at three levels:horizontal integration among farmers,remediation of agricultural land fragmentation,and strengthening the regulation of market-oriented large-scale agriculture.

关 键 词：一家两制 差别化生产 作物特性 地块差别 价格弹性 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]