基于AHP法的武汉市应急医疗设施选址评价研究  

Evaluation of Site Selection for Emergency Medical Facilities in Wuhan Based on AHP Method

作　　者：李帅 唐洁芳[1] 王鹏飞[1] LI Shuai;TANG Jiefang;WANG Pengfei(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学风景园林与艺术学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期209-221,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：河南省科学技术攻关项目(112102110027).

摘　　要：利用城市绿地的防灾避险功能可在一定程度上解决应急医疗设施的选址问题,其中郊野公园与后者具有较高的契合度.基于应急医疗设施的选址要求,利用德尔斐法和层次分析法,通过对郊野公园的类型、有效避险面积、空间破碎度、离水源地距离、所处风向、离城市距离、水文地质和交通时长等8项影响因子的量化,对《武汉市疫后重振规划(三年行动规划)》上的80座郊野公园进行综合比较.结果显示80座郊野公园的优劣程度呈高斯分布,其中将军山森林公园的综合得分最高,各项影响因子得分分布最为均衡,兼顾远离人群、远离水源、避开城市上风区、易于建设、可拓展性强等特征,是较为理想的应急医疗设施建设目标地.此外姚家山郊野公园、素山寺森林公园和锦里沟郊野公园综合得分较高,也可作为应急预案备选目标地.评分结果反向论证了该评价方法区分度显著,严度较高,效度适中,可以为基于应急医疗设施选址的郊野公园评价提供参考依据.Using the disaster prevention and risk avoidance function of urban green space can solve the problem of site selection for emergency medical facilities to a certain extent,and country park has a high degree of fit with the latter.Based on the site selection requirements of emergency medical facilities,the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process were used to quantify eight influencing factors,such as type of country park,effective refuge area,degree of spatial fragmentation,distance from the water source,wind direction,distance from the city,hydrogeology,and traffic duration.A comprehensive comparison was conducted among 80 country parks listed in“Wuhan Post-epidemic Rehabilitation Plan(3-year Action Plan)”.The results showed that the advantages and disadvantages of 80 country parks were in a Gaussian distribution.Jiangjunshan Forest Park had the highest overall score and the most balanced distribution of the scores of various impact factors.It is far away from people,water,urban windward area,and with convenient transportation,easy to build and great expandability.It is an ideal site for the construction of emergency medical facilities.In addition,Yaojiashan Country Park,Sushansi Forest Park and Jinligou Country Park have high comprehensive scores and can also be used as alternative destinations for emergency plan.The scoring results reversely demonstrated that this evaluation method has significant differentiation,high rigor and moderate validity,which can provide a reference for evaluation of country park based on the site selection of emergency medical facilities.

关 键 词：应急医疗设施 郊野公园 层次分析法(AHP) 设施选址 武汉市 

分 类 号：TU993.9[建筑科学—市政工程] R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]