不同清理方式下人工幼林地的水土流失规律  

Soil Erosion Law of Young Plantations Under Different Forest Ground Clearing Methods

作　　者：李华[1,2] 卢立华 郑路[1,2] 李朝英 明安刚[1,2] 张继辉 刘士玲[1,2] 舒韦维[1,2] Li Hua;Lu Lihua;Zheng Lu;Li Chaoying;Ming Angang;Zhang Jihui;Liu Shiling;Shu Weiwei(Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Pingxiang,Guangxi 532600,China;Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Pingxiang,Guangxi 532600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业试验中心,广西凭祥532600 [2]广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广西凭祥532600

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第2期8-15,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项“广西主要用材林高效培育与利用—杉木人工林生态功能监测与增效研究”(桂AA17204087-8);中国林业科学研究院热带林业试验中心科学研究项目“割灌—块状抚育对人工幼林水土流失的抑制机理”(RL-2015-05)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同清理方式下人工幼林地的水土流失规律,为人工林科学经营和生态管理提供科学依据。[方法]在广西壮族自治区南部马尾松采伐迹地人工更新的林地上,基于2018—2020年野外径流小区定位观测数据,对比研究了炼山和不炼山两种林地清理方式下的水土流失规律。[结果]①林地清理方式对水土流失的影响随炼山后林地恢复年限的增加急剧减小,但炼山后的前2 a,无论是按年、月统计的水土流失量,还是按场次降雨量统计的水土流失量,炼山均显著高于不炼山(p<0.05)。②炼山降低了发生地表径流的最小降雨量。且随次降雨量的增加,炼山区域水土流失量的增加幅度明显大于不炼山区域。[结论]在广西南部皆伐林地,炼山后的前2 a是水土流失发生的主要时期,也是防治水土流失的关键时期。[Objective]In order to provide a theoretical guidance for the ecological management of plantations,the soil erosion law of young plantations under different forest ground clearing methods were investigated.[Methods]Based on the observation data of runoff plot from 2018 to 2020,the soil erosion laws between two forest ground clearing methods(control burning and no burning)in a clear-cutting site of 30-year-old Pinus massoniana plantation in Southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were compared.[Results]①The impacts of forest ground clearing method on the soil erosion decreased sharply with the increase of forest land restoration after burning.In the first two years after control burning,the amount of soil erosion was significantly higher in the control burning plots than in the no burning plots(p<0.05).②Control burning reduced the minimum rainfall for surface runoff,and with the increase of rainfall amount,the soil erosion at burning plots was significantly greater than that at the no burning plots.[Conclusion]In the clear-cutting site of Southern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,the soil erosion was mainly occurred in the first two years after control burning,thus it is crucial to prevent soil erosion during this period.

关 键 词：广西南部 降雨特征 马尾松皆伐迹地 炼山 不炼山 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]