多重生态服务功能目标下的生产建设项目土壤流失控制值研究--以北京市为例  

Soil Erosion Control Values of Production and Construction Projects with Regard to Multiple Ecosystem Service Functions-A Case Study in Beijing City

作　　者：王志刚[1,3] 王家乐 韩培[1,3] 杨坤 张超[2] 王可 张平仓 Wang Zhigang;Wang Jiale;Han Pei;Yang Kun;Zhang Chao;Wang Ke;Zhang Pingcang(Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China;Beijing General Working Station of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing 100036,China;Center for Mountain Torrent and Geological Disaster Prevention,Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院,湖北武汉430010 [2]北京市水土保持工作总站,北京100036 [3]水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第2期347-353,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京市水土保持工作总站项目“《北京市水土保持条例》配套制度:北京市容许土壤流失量标准”(CKSK2017447/TB);深圳市水务局水务科技创新项目“典型水土保持植物配置模式对消减城市面源污染的功能研究”(CKSK2017819/TB);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目“降雨和上方来水条件下植被防护工程堆积体侵蚀机制研究”(CKSF2021447/TB)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨现有土壤流失控制值确定方法能否满足多元的现实需求,尝试提出可以维护多重生态服务功能的生产建设项目土壤流失控制值确定方法,为进一步细化控制值的制定提供科学支持。[方法]以北京市为例,选择易获取的容许土壤流失量和背景土壤侵蚀模数作为依据制定土壤流失控制值,分析它们在不同区域维护生态服务功能的优缺点,提出一个可以维护多重生态服务功能的生产建设项目土壤流失控制值确定方法。[结果]基于容许土壤流失量确定的土壤流失控制值,在山区可以同时满足维护供给和文化服务功能的需求,但在平原和部分水土保持敏感区不能充分满足维护文化或调节服务的需求。基于背景土壤侵蚀模数确定的土壤流失控制值,在平原和部分水土保持敏感区能满足维护文化和调节服务功能的需求,但在山区不能满足维护供给服务功能的需求。将这两种方法结合起来确定北京市生产建设项目土壤流失控制值,能够同时满足维护山区和平原区供给和文化服务功能的需求。[结论]维护多重生态服务功能的生产建设项目土壤流失控制值的确定方法弥补了单纯依据容许土壤流失量确定土壤流失控制值的不足,为完善生产建设项目水土流失防治目标的制定提供了新的思路。[Objective]In order to provide scientific support for specifying soil erosion control values of production and construction projects,this study discussed whether currently used methods of defining soil erosion control were capable of satisfying multiple needs,and attempted to implement a method for defining soil erosion control values that will maintain multiple ecosystem service functions.[Methods]Taking Beijing City as an example,soil loss tolerance and background soil erosion moduli were selected,which can be easily obtained,as the references for defining the soil erosion control values,to analyze their advantages and disadvantages on maintaining regional ecosystem service functions in different areas.A method was carried out for defining soil erosion control values of production and construction projects for maintaining multiple ecosystem service functions.[Results]Soil erosion control values obtained from soil loss tolerances could keep provisioning and cultural services in mountain areas,but could not in plain and some environmentally sensitive areas.The situation was reversed when soil erosion control values obtained from background soil erosion moduli.Defining the soil erosion control values of production and construction projects by combining the mentioned two methods could keep provisioning and cultural services both in mountain and plain areas.[Conclusion]The method for defining soil erosion control values of production and construction projects,by which multiple ecosystem service functions are maintained,could overcome the disadvantages of the values defined only by soil loss tolerance.The method provides a new pathway for setting prevention and control goals for soil and water conservation.

关 键 词：城市水土保持 容许土壤流失量 生产建设项目 土壤流失控制比 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]