中国城市水土流失的现状、对策及研究展望--以广东省深圳市为例  

Current Situation,Countermeasures and Research Prospects of Urban Soil and Water Loss in China-A Case Study at Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province

作　　者：顾祝军 陈文龙 高阳 王旭东 Gu Zhujun;Chen Wenlong;Gao Yang;Wang Xudong(Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute,Pearl River Water Resources Commission,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510610,China;Water authority of Shenzhen Municipality,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518035,China;Shenzhen intelligent water comprehensive command,dispatching and support center,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518115,China)

机构地区：[1]珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广东广州510610 [2]深圳市水务局,广东深圳518035 [3]深圳市智慧水务综合指挥调度和保障中心,广东深圳518115

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2022年第2期369-376,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“林地植被水土保持结构化叶面积指数(FSL):多角度和垂向集成的分层遥感估算及应用研究”(41571415),“林下水蚀区植被三维绿量恢复度多角度遥感反演研究”(41071281);深圳市政府“深圳市智慧水务一期工程—水土保持信息化建设项目”([2022]ZX124)。

摘　　要：[目的]总结城市水土流失的概念、危害、成因、特点和防治对策,分析城市水土保持工作存在的问题和未来研究方向,旨在为中国城市水土流失治理及研究工作提供参考依据。[方法]根据多年的研究工作经验和文献资料,综合分析国内外城市水土流失及水土保持研究的成果。[结果]①城市水土流失的概念蕴涵自然和人为两种动力,水和土两个流失主体,城市和周边及地表与地下两类分布空间;②城市水土流失危害主要包括管道淤积、风沙扬尘、水源污染、资源衰退、环境破坏等多方面;③城市水土流失防治对策主要包括法律、机制、宣传、监管、兼治和科研等6个方面。[结论]人们对城市水土流失的认识尚存不足,城市水土保持理论、技术及法规体系有待完善。城市水土流失及城市水土保持工作应从理论研究、应用优化以及经验推广等方面深入开展。[Objective]In order to provide references for urban soil and water conservation and the concerned researches in China,the concept,hazard,causes,characteristics and countermeasures of urban soil and water loss were summarized.The existing problems and future research direction of urban soil and water conservation were analyzed.[Methods]Based on many years of research experiences and some concerned literatures,the research achievements of urban soil and water loss and soil and water conservation domestic and abroad were comprehensively analyzed.[Results]①The concept of urban soil and water loss contains two kinds of driving forces:natural and artificial,two main bodies of soil and water loss,two spatial distribution include urban and surrounding areas,and surface and underground areas.②The hazards of urban soil and water loss mainly include pipeline deposition,wind sand and dust,water source pollution,resource decline,environmental damage,and so on.③The prevention and control measures of urban soil and water loss mainly include the aspects of law,mechanism,propaganda,supervision,concurrent treatment and scientific research.[Conclusion]People’s understanding of urban soil and water loss is still insufficient,and the theory,technology and legal system of urban soil and water conservation need to be improved.Urban water and soil loss and water and soil conservation should be carried out further in terms of theoretical research,application optimization and experience extension.

关 键 词：城市水土流失 管道淤积 风沙扬尘 水源污染 资源衰退 环境破坏 水土保持 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]