水稻联合收割机螺旋滚筒设计与试验  

Designand Test of Spiral Drum of Rice Combine Harvester

作　　者：李永春 王慧 汪益林[1] 杨美玲 王海祥[1] 刘向东[1] Li Yongchun;Wang Hui;Wang Yilin;Yang Meiling;Wang Haixiang;Liu Xiangdong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China;Jiamusi Qianxing Agricultural Machinery Research and Development Co.LTD,Jiamusi 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学机械工程学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]佳木斯市潜兴农业机械研发有限公司,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第9期121-128,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：教育厅基本科研业务费基础研究项目(2017-KYYWF-0588)。

摘　　要：为了解决水稻收割机传统钉齿滚筒出现收割速度慢与损失率大、含杂率高、破碎率较高之间的矛盾,设计一款螺旋脱粒滚筒,目的是在满足损失率、含杂率、破碎率相关要求下,实现最大收割速度,提高收割效率。滚筒在实际脱粒过程中,工作环境及工况比较复杂,基于ANSYS Workbench对设计的螺旋滚筒进行模态分析,了解螺旋滚筒结构的振动频率特性,以避免共振,降低装置的故障率。模态分析结果表明:螺旋脱粒滚筒的1阶固有频率为57.559Hz,远大于滚筒自转产生的工作频率,螺旋滚筒结构是安全可靠的。以收割速度为试验因素,把损失率、含杂率、破碎率作为试验指标,对普通钉齿滚筒与螺旋脱粒滚筒作业效果进行试验对比,结果表明:螺旋滚筒在收割速度不同的情况下,损失率、破碎率两项脱粒指标均低于普通钉齿滚筒,螺旋滚筒的含杂率高于普通钉齿滚筒,但螺旋滚筒的含杂率最大值为2.41%,满足国家标准含杂率2.5%。综上所述,所设计螺旋滚筒既满足收割性能要求,又能提高收割效率。In order to solve the contradiction between slow harvesting speed and high loss rate,high impurity content and high crushing rate of traditional spike drum of rice harvester,a spiral threshing drum was designed to solve the loss rate and impurity rate problem.Under the relevant requirements of the crushing rate,realize the maximum harvesting speed and improve the harvesting efficiency.In the actual threshing process of the drum,the working environment and working conditions are more complicated.Based on ANSYS Workbench,the modal analysis of the designed spiral drum is carried out to understand the vibration frequency characteristics of the spiral drum structure,so as to avoid resonance and reduce the device in actual design and application.And reduce the failure rate of the device.The modal analysis results show that the first-order natural frequency of the spiral threshing drum is 57.559 Hz,which is much higher than the working frequency generated by the rotation of the drum.The spiral drum structure is safe and reliable.Taking the harvesting speed as the test factor,taking the loss rate,impurity rate,and crushing rate as the test indicators,the operation effects of the ordinary spike drum and the spiral drum are tested and compared.The test shows that under different harvesting speeds of the spiral threshing drum,the two threshing indexes of loss rate and crushing rate are lower than those of ordinary spike drums.the impurity rate of the spiral drum is higher than that of the ordinary spike drum,but the maximum impurity rate of the spiral drum is 2.41%,which meets the national standard impurity rate of 2.5%.In summary,this design of the spiral drum not only meets the requirements of harvesting performance,but also can improve harvesting efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻联合收割机 螺旋滚筒 ANSYS Workbench 模态分析 

分 类 号：S225.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]