高粱种子的压缩试验与裂纹分析  

Compression Test and Crack Analysis of Sorghum Seeds

作　　者：袁鑫宇 陶桂香[1] 曲峻池 张世康 陈策 衣淑娟[1] Yuan Xinyu;Tao Guixiang;Qu Junchi;Zhang Shikang;Chen Ce;Yi Shujuan(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第9期217-223,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701801);黑龙江八一农垦大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910223073)。

摘　　要：播种和收获是种植高粱的必经环节,高粱会受到来自不同方向的载荷造成损伤,从而影响种子的成活率和高粱籽粒的品质。通过分析压缩载荷下高粱种子的力学性能,从而优化相关机械装置,以在各农艺环节合理选择含水率。为此,测定了高粱种子(绥杂7号)的三轴尺寸,计算出该品种的平均球度,研究了同一品种4种含水率(5.41%、8.24%、10.63%、14.08%)下,3种压缩方向的压缩特性。结果表明:在压缩方向相同时,含水率与高粱种子的极限应力值成反比例关系,含水率越高,极限应力值越小;在含水率不同、相同压缩方向下得到的应力与位移图像规律基本相同,产生裂纹的位置和样式类似;在相同的含水率下,种子抗压强度能力依次为平压>立压>侧压。试验结果可为高粱播种、收获等环节含水率的选择以及高粱排种器的参数优化等提供依据。Sowing and harvesting are the necessary links for planting sorghum. Sorghum will be damaged by loads from different directions, which will affect the survival rate of seeds and the quality of sorghum seeds. to analyze the mechanical properties of sorghum seeds under compression load, so as to optimize the related mechanical devices. in this paper, the triaxial size of sorghum seed(suiza No.7) was measured, and the average sphericity of the variety was calculated. The compression characteristics of the three compression directions were studied under four water contents(5.41%, 8.24%, 10.63%, 14.08%) of the same variety.When the compression direction is the same, the moisture content is inversely proportional to the ultimate stress value of sorghum seeds.The higher the moisture content is, the smaller the ultimate stress value is.When the moisture content is different, the stress and displacement pattern obtained in the same compression direction are basically the same, and the location and pattern of cracks are similar. Under the same moisture content, the compressive strength of seeds is in the order of horizontal pressure > vertical pressure > side pressure. it provides the basis for the selection of moisture content of sorghum sowing and harvesting and the parameter optimization of sorghum seed metering device.

关 键 词：高粱 含水率 压缩方式 极限应力 

分 类 号：S183[农业科学—农业基础科学]