四川汉墓分期分区研究  

RESEARCH ON PERIODIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SICHUAN HAN TOMBS

作　　者：索德浩[1] Suo Dehao

机构地区：[1]四川大学考古文博学院,成都610065

出　　处：《考古学报》2022年第2期171-200,共30页Acta Archaeologica Sinica

摘　　要：四川地区已公开发表的西汉至蜀汉时期墓葬约二千座[1]。目前多是以某一类或某一地的汉墓为研究对象,未见针对整个四川汉墓的综合研究。本文利用考古类型学全面梳理四川汉墓资料,试图建立完善的时空序列。一墓葬类型四川汉墓主要有土坑墓、砖室墓、崖墓三种类型。About 2000 tombs in Sichuan from the Western Han dynasty to the Shu-Han of the Three Kingdoms period have published research,which focused on the chronology of a certain category or period.The discovery of a large number of archaeological data has placed new demands on the research.Thus,after studying the Han earthen pit tombs,brick chamber tombs,and cliff tombs in Sichuan,this paper provides a comprehensive overview to establish a fuller and more complete spatial and temporal framework,and to pave the way for further in-depth research on the Han society and history.The Sichuan Han tombs can be divided into eight periods:the early,middle,and late Western Han,between the Western Han and Eastern Han,the early,middle,and late Eastern Han,and the late Eastern Han to the Shu-Han period.Besides that,Sichuan Han tombs can also be classified into five areas:Chengdu Plain,Fujiang Basin,the eastern section of the Western Sichuan Plateau,eastern Sichuan,and northeastern Sichuan.The areas close to Chengdu,which is the center of the five areas,are culturally similar to Chengdu and relatively developed;on the contrary,areas far from Chengdu have distinct regional cultural characteristics.In the mid-Western Han dynasty,the“Han system”was established in Sichuan.After the formation of the Han system,Sichuan Han tombs have gone through dynamic evolution.Three important changes are noticeable:horizontal-pit burials appeared between the Western Han and Eastern Han;regional culture emerged and an assemblage of artifacts with Shu characteristics became popular in the middle of the Eastern Han;artifacts with local characteristics re-dominated during the Shu-Han period.Taken together,the evolution of Han tombs in Sichuan is closely related to state policy,regime change,culture and education,economy,migration,and climate during the Western and Eastern Han dynasties.

关 键 词：汉墓 砖室墓 墓葬类型 时空序列 土坑墓 崖墓 考古类型学 西汉 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K234[历史地理—历史学]