山东济阳三官庙汉画像石墓发掘报告  

THE EXCAVATION OF HAN TOMBS WITH PICTORIAL STONE CARVINGS IN SANGUANMIAO CEMETERY,JIYANG,SHANDONG

作　　者：房振 郭俊峰 李铭 陈永婷 

机构地区：[1]济南市考古研究院

出　　处：《考古学报》2022年第2期225-284,I0007-I0018,共72页Acta Archaeologica Sinica

摘　　要：三官庙汉画像石墓位于山东济南济阳区济阳街道办事处三官庙村西约130米处,南邻纪碱路、西距东吕高速约950米,地理坐标北纬37°3′57″、东经117°12′36″(图一)。该地地处黄河下游冲积平原区域,东南距黄河约3.5公里,地势平坦开阔。2018年12月中旬,三官庙村村民在池塘清淤过程中发现墓葬一座(编号M1)。2019年4-7月,济南市考古研究所(现济南市考古研究院)对其进行抢救性发掘过程中又发现墓葬两座(分别编号M2、M3)。From April to July in 2019,the Jinan Institute of Archaeology conducted a rescue excavation on the Sanguanmiao cemetery,clearing two Han dynasty tombs.Both of them are pictorial multi-chambered tombs built with stones and bricks.Among them,M1 has two entry ramps with a large scale and complex structure,while M2 has one entry ramp.Although both were severely damaged,a number of grave goods with typical era characteristics and exquisite pictorial stone carvings with rich contents were unearthed.Pottery tables,plates,handled cups,chicken figurines,etc.are common artifacts in the late Eastern Han dynasty;the shape and decorative style of the celadon jars with four lugs were also seen in Jiangsu and Zhejiang during the Eastern Han dynasty.The subject matter of the pictorial stone carvings in both tombs are similar,which includes auspicious birds and beasts such as clouds,ram heads,phoenixes,and dragons,social life scenes such as pavilions,visiting,cooking,and traveling,as well as geometric patterns such as rhombuses and serrations.Among them,the images on the lintels are all centered on ram heads,surrounded by auspicious beasts and geometric patterns;the doorposts are dominated by geometric patterns,which is a common theme in northern Shandong during the late Eastern Han.Exquisite ivory plaques,gold wires,gilt copper ornaments,pearls,and other artifacts were also unearthed in tomb M1.It is speculated that the owner of the tomb was an upper-level official or from a wealthy family in the late Eastern Han dynasty.Tomb M2,located to the southeast of M1,has similar burial style to the eastern half of M1,and their mounds are overlaid.It is speculated that they belong to the same family.This excavation provides new and important archaeological data for the study of funeral customs in the Han dynasty.

关 键 词：抢救性发掘 发掘报告 汉画像石墓 三官庙 考古研究所 平坦开阔 山东济南 地理坐标 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K234[历史地理—历史学]