链排种盒式小区播种机自动上种装置的设计与试验  

Design and Test of Automatic Seeding Device for Chain SeedingBox Type Plot Planter

作　　者：刘龙 刘道奇 孙千涛 钱凯 靳昙昙 李秀杰 Liu Long;Liu Daoqi;Sun Qiantao;Qian Kai;Jin Tantan;Li Xiujie(Changyuan Branch,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changyuan 453400,China;Henan Province Cultivation,Harvesting and Processing Intelligent Equipment Engineering Research Center,Zhengzhou 450008,China;College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院长垣分院,河南长垣453400 [2]河南省花生耕种收加工智能设备工程研究中心,郑州450008 [3]河南农业大学机电工程学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第12期89-94,100,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家花生产业技术体系专项(CARS-14);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110225);河南省农业科学院“四优四化”科技支撑计划项目(SYSH2020-09-04)。

摘　　要：为满足花生小区播种机在田间作业时需要更换不同品种种子的要求,设计了一种新型链排种盒式自动上种装置。其采用双链排与种盒组合的方式,使用电机整合上种过程,实现花生小区播种作业过程中的自动换种功能。上种装置主要包括机械和电控两部分组成,机械部分由弯板链条、种盒、斜型开闭板及机架等组成。利用SolidWorks软件对关键结构进行设计与分析,并通过EDEM软件对上种过程种子量的均匀性和上种时间进行仿真分析。通过仿真得到最佳参数,即种盒运动速度为3m/min、种盒打开角度最大为45°时,上种过程中进入不同上种漏斗的种子量均匀性较好、效率高。室内试验结果表明:在最佳参数下,不同上种漏斗种子量的标准差为0.8165、上种时间为2.31s、种子损伤率为0.05%。装置能够满足花生小区播种的上种要求,且具有较好的准确性和可靠性。In order to meet the need to replace seeds of different varieties when the peanut plot planter is operating in the field,a new type of chain seeding box type automatic seeding device has been researched and designed.The whole seeding device adopts the combination of double-chain row and seed box,and uses the motor for the entire seeding process to complete the automatic seed change function during the seeding operation of the peanut plot.The above kind of device mainly consists of two parts:mechanical and electric control.The mechanical part is composed of curved plate chain,seed box,inclined opening and closing plate,frame and so on.Use SolidWorks software to design and analyze the key structure,and use EDEM software to simulate and analyze the uniformity of seeding process and seeding time.The best parameters are obtained through simulation:when the seed box movement speed is 3 m/min and the opening angle of the seed box is 45°,the uniformity of the amount of seeds entering the different seeding funnels during the seeding process is better,and the efficiency is high;the result of indoor experiment showed that under the best parameters,the standard deviation of the seed quantity of different seeding funnels was 0.8165,the seeding time was 2.31 s,and the seed damage rate was 0.05%.The device can meet the seeding requirements of peanut plots,and has good accuracy and reliability.

关 键 词：小区播种机 花生 上种装置 种盒 EDEM 

分 类 号：S223.26[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]