多参数可调式清选损失分布检测试验台设计与试验  

Design and Test of Multi Parameter Adjustable Cleaning Loss Distribution Detection Test Bench

作　　者：唐小涵 赵男 郭榛 金诚谦 于明群 李加琪 胥备 Tang Xiaohan;Zhao Nan;Guo Zhen;Jin Chengqian;Yu Mingqun;Li Jiaqi;Xu Bei(School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255000 [2]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第12期148-155,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(20)1007];国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-04-PS26)。

摘　　要：为了研究清选排出物料的组成成分及清选损失籽粒在清选筛尾筛后部的分布规律,并确定籽粒损失监测传感器在谷物联合收获机上的最佳安装位置,设计了一台风筛式清选装置清选作业参数可调式清选损失物料分布规律检测试验台。详细介绍了谷物联合收获机风筛式清选装置风机转速、振动筛曲柄转速和鱼鳞筛筛片开度的调节理论依据,在谷物联合收获机风筛式清选装置基础上设计了多参数可调式清选系统,分别独立设计了风机转速、振动筛曲柄转速、鱼鳞筛筛片开度调控装置,实现风筛式清选装置清选作业参数的自动化调整,并在清选筛后方搭建清选损失物料接料台。台架试验表明:清选筛尾部抛出物主要由茎秆,颖壳、轻质杂余、未脱净麦穗、损失的小麦籽粒等组成,大部分损失籽粒分布在清选排出口的前端部分并往后递减,且损失籽粒分布在两侧部分并往中间递减,即在第1~2行(排出口后0-260mm)两侧损失籽粒最多;对损失籽粒总质量比影响较大的因素有风门转速、振动筛频率、鱼鳞筛开度,对X轴损失籽粒峰值量影响较大的因素有风门转速、振动筛频率、鱼鳞筛开度,对Y轴损失籽粒峰值量影响较大的因素有风门转速、振动筛频率、鱼鳞筛开度。试验可为谷物联合收获机籽粒清选损失传感器安装提供数据参考。In order to study the composition of the material discharged from cleaning,the distribution law of cleaning loss grains at the rear of the tail screen of the cleaning screen,and determine the best installation position of grain loss monitoring sensor on the grain combine harvester.A test-bed with adjustable cleaning operation parameters for typhoon screen cleaning device is designed to detect the distribution law of cleaning loss materials.This paper introduces in detail the theoretical basis for adjusting the fan speed,vibrating screen crank speed and fish scale screen opening of the air screen cleaning device of the grain combine harvester.Based on the air screen cleaning device of the grain combine harvester,a multi parameter adjustable cleaning system is designed,and the fan speed,vibrating screen crank speed and fish scale screen opening control devices are designed independently,Realize the automatic adjustment of cleaning operation parameters of air screen cleaning device,and build a material receiving platform for cleaning lost materials behind the cleaning screen.In order to accurately and real-time monitor the grain cleaning loss during the operation of grain combine harvester,the distribution law of cleaning loss materials under different cleaning parameters and the composition of cleaning throw were studied.The bench test shows that the ejecta from the tail of the cleaning screen is mainly composed of straw,chaff,light miscellaneous residue,UN stripped wheat ears,lost wheat grains and so on.Most of the lost grains are distributed in the front part of the cleaning discharge outlet and tend to decrease later,and the lost grains are distributed on both sides and decrease towards the middle,that is,the most lost grains are on both sides of line 1-2(0-260mm behind the discharge outlet).The factors that have great influence on the total mass ratio of lost grain are:damper speed,vibrating screen frequency,fish scale screen opening;The factors that have great influence on the peak grain loss of x-axis are:dam

关 键 词：谷物联合收获机 检测试验台 多参数可调控清选系统 清选损失 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S237[农业科学—农业工程]