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作 者:曾红 李泽华[2] 曹秀龙 李宏伟 温志成 肖荣浩 魏宇豪 马旭[1] Zeng Hong;Li Zehua;Cao Xiulong;Li Hongwei;Wen Zhicheng;Xiao Ronghao;Wei Yuhao;Ma Xu(College of Engineering,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;College of Mathematic and Information,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
机构地区:[1]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学数学与信息学院,广州510642
出 处:《农机化研究》2022年第12期175-181,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基 金:国家自然科学基金项目(51675188);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0700703);中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M682724);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B020221003);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-43)。
摘 要:为探明低播量下开沟对条播育秧秧苗素质和机插质量的影响,根据杂交稻少本壮苗栽插的农艺要求,以杂交稻五优1179为试验材料,选取育秧播种密度和取秧面积为试验因素,以不开沟条播为对照,研究了温室立体育秧条件下开沟条播对秧苗素质和耦合栽插质量的影响。结果表明:①开沟条播能够有效提高条播种子的均匀性和成条特性,主要表现为提高秧苗的整齐度,且播种密度越低,作用越明显。②无论是开沟条播还是不开沟条播,随着播种密度的增加,叶龄减少、苗高降低、苗茎宽变细、百株鲜质量和百株干质量变轻、质高比变小。整体上,开沟条播和不开沟条播下秧苗素质的差异较小,主要表现为苗高和百株干质量的差异。③开沟条播与不开沟条播相比,能够降低漏插率,提高1~3株/穴均匀合格率,减少根系损伤。统计检验表明:相同播种密度和取秧面积耦合栽插条件下,开沟条播和不开沟条播的漏插率、1~3株/穴均匀合格率和根系损伤率的差异都达显著性水平,提高了机插质量。In order to explore the effect of ditching on seedling quality and machine transplanting quality of drill seedlings under low sowing quantity,according to the agronomic requirements of planting seedlings of hybrid rice with fewer seeds,using Wuyou 1179 as the test material,selecting planting density and seedling fetching area as the test factors,and taking not open ditch as comparison,the effect of ditching on seedling quality and coupled planting quality of drill seedlings was studied under the condition of three-dimensional seedling raising in greenhouse.The results showed that:1)Ditching and drilling could effectively improve the evenness and string-forming characteristics of seeds,which was mainly manifested as improving the uniformity of seedlings,and the lower the sowing amount,the more obvious the effect was.2)With the increase of sowing density,leaf age decreased,seedling height decreased,seedling stem width became thinner,fresh mass and dry mass of 100 plants became lighter,and quality and height ratio decreased.On the whole,there was little difference in seedling quality between ditching and not open ditching seeding,and the difference of seedling height and the dry quality of 100 plants was the main performance the difference was mainly reflected in seedling height and the dry quality of 100 plants.3)Compared with no open ditching seeding,ditching seeding can reduce the rate of no seedling in hill,improve the uniform pass rate of 1-3 plants/holes,and reduce root damage.The statistical test showed that under the condition of the same sowing density and the coupled planting area,the difference of the rate of no seedling in hill,the uniform pass rate of 1-3 plants/holes and the root damage rate between ditching and not open ditching sowing was extremely significant,improving the mechanical transplanting quality.
分 类 号:S233.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S35[农业科学—农业工程]
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