基于EDEM的小型变量撒肥机设计与仿真优化  

Design and Simulation Parameter Optimization of Small IntelligentVariable Fertilizer Spreader Based on EDEM

作　　者：苟于江 李华英[1] 王大明 何辉波[1] Gou Yujiang;Li Huying;Wang Daming;He Huibo(College of Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第11期65-71,76,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2020jscx-msxmX0192)。

摘　　要：为了提高丘陵山区田间肥料撒施的智能性和均匀性,设计了一种手扶式变量撒肥机。首先,对撒肥机的整机结构和撒肥盘进行了设计,并通过分析肥料颗粒在撒肥盘上和空气中的运动和受力,建立了肥料颗粒的运动方程;同时,对以AT89C51单片机为核心的撒肥控制系统进行了软硬件设计。应用Design-Expert8.0设计正交试验,以叶片个数、撒肥盘离地高度、撒肥盘转速为试验因素,以撒肥均匀性变异系数为试验指标,对撒肥过程进行离散元仿真试验研究,建立了试验因素与指标之间的回归模型,并进行了响应面分析和目标参数优化。结果表明:各因素影响主次顺序为叶片个数、撒肥盘离地高度、撒肥盘转速;经参数优化后可知,当叶片个数为7、撒肥盘离地高度为449.84 mm、撒肥盘转速为158.75 r/min时,撒肥均匀性变异系数最小,为7.14%,整机撒肥性能最优。研究结果可用于撒肥机结构的改进和撒肥装置工作参数的优化,也可为小型变量撒肥机的设计与优化提供参考。In order to improve the intelligence and uniformity of fertilizer application in hilly and mountainous areas,a kind of manual variable fertilizer spreader is designed in this paper.Firstly,the whole structure of the fertilizer spreader and the spreader plate are designed,and the motion equation of fertilizer particles is established by analyzing the motion and force of fertilizer particles on the dispenser and in the air.At the same time,the software and hardware of fertilizer distribution control system based on AT89C51 microcontroller are designed.With orthogonal test design in Design-Expert 8.0,blade number,the spreading height and rotational speed of disc are used as the experimental factors,and the variation coefficient of the uniformity is used as the experimental indexes.A discrete element simulation experiment is carried out to study the process of fertilizer spreading,the regression model between experimental factors and indexes is established,and the response surface analysis and target parameter optimization are carried out.The results showed that the order of the factors is blade number,the spreading height and rotational speed of disc.It is found out after parameter optimization that the variation coefficient decreased to the minimum of 7.14%when blade number is 7,the spreading height is 449.84 mm and rotational speed of disc is 158.75r/min,and the overall spreading performance is the best.The results can be used to improve the structure of fertilizer spreader and optimize the working parameters of the fertilizer spreader,improve the uniformity of the fertilizer spreader,and provide reference for the design and optimization of the small variable fertilizer spreader.

关 键 词：变量撒肥机 离散元仿真 单片机 均匀性变异系数 

分 类 号：S224.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]