机油降解真菌的筛选及降解效果的研究  

Screening of a motor oil degrading fungus and study on its degradation effect

作　　者：吴燕红 李聪 石冀 高焕方[1] WU Yanhong;LI Cong;SHI Ji;GAO Huanfang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing Huiya Environmental Protection Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400041,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆理工大学化学化工学院,重庆400054 [2]重庆汇亚环保工程有限公司,重庆400041

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2022年第5期259-265,共7页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：重庆市科技创新应用示范工程(cstc2018jszx-cyzdX0019)。

摘　　要：由重庆某场地的石油烃污染土壤中筛选出一株具有机油降解性能的菌株,经过ITS(internal transcribed spacer)测序鉴定得出结论,此菌株为真菌aspergillus versicolor,探究菌液添加量、pH、盐度、降解时间4个单因素变量对此菌株降解效果的影响,筛选出不同种类的生物表面活性剂进行生物强化。结果表明,机油在水中的初始浓度为2500 mg/L,加菌量5%、pH=6.0、盐度3 g/L,持续5 d后,菌株对水中机油的降解率最高能达到42.6%。仅改变环境因素相对于提高降解效果较为局限,但加入槐糖脂、茶皂素溶液进行生物强化可使降解率最高提升至71.2%,比单独使用菌株可分别提高0.5%~20.8%、15.4%~28.7%,说明生物表面活性剂的应用对含油类废水的处理具有促进作用。A strain of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil from a site in Chongqing is screened for its degradation performance,and identified by ITS(Internal transcribed spacer)sequencing as the fungus aspergillus versicolor.The effects of four single-factor variables,namely the amount of bacterial solutindded,pH,salinity and degradation time,on the degradation effect of this strain are investigated,and then different types of biosurfactants are screened for biofortification.The results show that the initial concentration of engine oil in water is 2500 mg/L,the added bacteria amount is 5%,pH=6.0,salinity is 3 g/L,and lasted for 5 days,the strain’s degradation rate of engine oil in water can reach 42.6%.Only changing environmental factors is relatively limited to improve the degradation effect,but adding locust glycolipid and tea saponin solutions for bioaugmentation can increase the degradation rateup to 71.2%,which can increase 0.5%~20.8%and 15.4%~28.7%,respectively,than using the strains alone,and the application of biosurfactants has significant practical significance for the treatment of oil-containing wastewater.

关 键 词：菌株 机油 降解率 生物表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]