链霉菌沉默基因簇激活的多效性方法研究进展  

Advances in Pleiotropic Methods for Activation of Silent Gene Clusters in Streptomyces

作　　者：袁慧敏 李伟 郑永标[1] 林清强[1] YUAN Hui-min;LI Wei;ZHENG Yong-biao;LIN Qing-qiang(College of Life Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学生命科学学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《药物生物技术》2022年第1期72-76,共5页Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2020J01172);福建师范大学生命科学学院溪源江学者创新项目(2019);福建师范大学校创新团队项目(No.IRTL1703);厦门医学院海洋生物医药资源福建省高校应用技术工程中心开放课题(No.MBS-201902)。

摘　　要：链霉菌是微生物的主要类群,具有特殊的生理生化特征及代谢途径,可以产生大量结构新颖的活性物质,是天然药用活性先导化合物的重要来源。大量的全基因组测序分析表明链霉菌含有丰富的次级代谢产物合成基因簇,但天然来源的菌株由于培养条件限制,其大部分生物合成基因簇保持沉默或表达微弱,产生的次级代谢产物数量与其生物合成基因簇相比明显偏少,一些次级代谢产物丰富的天才菌株未能得到充分利用。文章重点阐述了采用改变培养基和培养条件、添加化学诱导剂(化学表观遗传修饰剂)及共培养等多效性方法激活链霉菌次级代谢产物合成基因在链霉菌次级代谢产物的二次开发上的新进展,为次级代谢产物丰富的链霉菌资源开发和充分挖掘提供了新途径。Streptomyces is the main group of microorganisms,with special physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as metabolic pathways,which can produce a large number of active substances with novel structures,and is an important source of natural medicinal active lead compounds.A large number of genome sequencing analysis showed that Streptomyces had abundant secondary metabolite synthesis gene clusters,but due to the limited culture conditions,most biosynthetic clusters had been keeped silent or expressed weakly,and the number of secondary metabolites produced was significantly less than that of the biosynthetic gene clusters,some genius strains rich in secondary metabolites are underutilized.The new progress of activating silent gene cluster in Streptomyces for further development of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces by pleiotropic methods,including changing the medium and culture conditions,adding chemical elicitor(Chemical epigenetic modifiers),and co-culture methods were mainly expounded in this paper,in order to provide the basis for the full excavation of secondary metabolites of Streptomyces.

关 键 词：链霉菌 次级代谢产物 沉默基因簇 改变培养基 共培养 化学诱导剂 多效性方法 

分 类 号：Q933[生物学—微生物学]