FDI挤出了中国非正规就业吗——来自CHIP数据库的经验证据  

Is FDI Crowding out Informal Employment in China:An Empirical Evidence from the CHIP Database

作　　者：潘文泳[1] 郭南希 段艳艳[3] Pan Wenyong;Guo Nanxi;Duan Yanyan

机构地区：[1]广西财经学院 [2]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院、国际商务研究所 [3]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2022年第2期42-60,175,共20页Macroeconomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘一带一路’建设的福利效应估算”(项目批准编号:71773141);广西哲学社会科学规划研究项目“融资约束对西部地区企业高质量发展的影响研究”(项目批准编号:20FJY012);广西高校人文社科重点研究基地“海上丝绸之路与广西区域发展研究院”项目“经济政策不确定性对西部地区企业投资的影响及其应对策略研究”(项目编号:2019ZD009)的资助。

摘　　要：外商直接投资的进入对中国非正规就业的影响值得关注。本文运用国家统计局数据库及2007年、2008年和2013年CHIP数据库,从理论和实证两个方面研究了外商直接投资基于竞争效应、前后向关联效应和技术外溢效应对中国非正规就业水平的影响。主要的结论有:(1)外商直接投资程度提高显著地降低了个体从事非正规就业的概率,从而对中国非正规就业规模产生了抑制效应。(2)外商直接投资通过竞争效应、前后向关联效应和技术外溢效应三个渠道抑制了非正规就业规模的增加。(3)外商直接投资对第一、二产业非正规就业规模的负向影响相较于第三产业更为显著;自我雇佣者和非正规小企业雇主受外商直接投资的负向影响较为显著,而非正规受雇者受到外商直接投资的正向影响。上述结论在一系列稳健性检验中均保持稳健可靠。本文的实证结论对当前中国稳外资、提升“六稳”“六保”政策的实施效率具有重要意义。The impact of foreign direct investment(FDI)entry on informal employment in China deserves attention.Using National Bureau of Statistics Database and CHIP Database for 2007,2008 and 2013,this paper investigates the impact of FDI on the level of informal employment in China based on the competition effect,backward and forward correlation effect and technology spillover effect from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.The main findings are:(1)The increased level of FDI significantly reduces the probability of individuals engaging in informal employment,thus exerting a dampening effect on the size of informal employment in China.(2)FDI suppresses the increase of informal employment through three channels:competition effect,backward and forward correlation effect,and technology spillover effect.(3)The negative effect of FDI on the size of informal employment in primary and secondary industries is more significant than that in tertiary industries;self-employed and informal small business employers are negatively affected by FDI,while informal employed are positively affected by FDI.The above findings remain robust in a series of robustness tests.The empirical findings of this paper have important implications for the current foreign investment stabilization in China and the efficiency of the implementation of the’six stability’and’six guarantees’policies.

关 键 词：外商直接投资 非正规就业 竞争效应 前后向关联效应 技术外溢效应 

分 类 号：F832.6[经济管理—金融学] F249.2