DNA分子检测技术在节肢动物食物网结构解析中的应用  

Application of DNA-based molecular detection techniques in arthropod food web structure analyses

作　　者：杨帆 刘冰 陆宴辉[2] Yang Fan;Liu Bing;Lu Yanhui(Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护研究所,北京100097 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第1期110-117,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31901892);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-15-21)。

摘　　要：生态系统中节肢动物食物网结构错综复杂,通过观察和解剖等传统手段往往很难精准地获得物种种类及彼此之间食物关系的全面信息。近年来,DNA分子检测技术快速发展,显著促进了节肢动物食物网复杂结构的系统解析,有效实现了食物网结构分析由定性向定量的重要转变。该文介绍DNA分子检测的主要技术及其优缺点,列举其在节肢动物食物网结构分析中的应用实例,讨论DNA分子检测技术在应用中遇到的问题及挑战,旨在为节肢动物食物网结构分析提供科学依据和技术指导,有力推进农田等不同生态系统中节肢动物食物网结构及其生态功能的深入研究和挖掘利用。Arthropod food web structures in ecosystems are intricate and complex.Observation,dissection and other traditional research methods have difficulties in obtaining comprehensive information of species and their food relationships.In recent years,the rapid development of DNA-based molecular detection techniques have dramatically promoted the analyses of complicated arthropod food web structures and realized the important progress from qualitative to quantitative food web analyses.This review introduced the major DNA-based molecular detection techniques and their strengths and weaknesses,listed application cases of these techniques in arthropod food web structure analyses,discussed the problems and challenges they will meet in application.The summary aims at providing scientific basis and technical guidance for arthropod food web structure analyses,giving vigorous impetus to indepth study and exploitation of arthropod food web structure and its ecosystem function in farmland and other ecosystems.

关 键 词：诊断PCR DNA条形码 高通量测序 捕食关系 寄生关系 食物网结构 生态服务功能 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]