外资进入与技能工资差距:基于CHIP数据的实证研究  

Foreign Capital Entry and the Skill Wage Gap:An Empirical Study Based on CHIP Data

作　　者：李振兴 朱海华 Li Zhenxing;Zhu Haihua

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学经济管理学院 [2]四川大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《宏观经济研究》2022年第3期67-81,共15页Macroeconomics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目号:71673194);四川大学专职博士后研发基金项目(项目号:skbsh2021-04);四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(项目号:2021自主立项03)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：全球化背景下,外资进入是影响不同技能劳动者工资收入差距的重要因素。本文基于2002—2013年中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)数据,将个体特征变量与城市宏观变量引入明瑟工资方程,采用工具变量和2SLS方法,可更为细致地考察中国加入WTO之后外资进入对技能工资差距的影响。研究发现,外资进入可显著地提高中国劳动者的工资收入,采用工具变量所获得的估计系数值更大,但这种促进作用呈现出先扩大(2002—2007年)后缩小(2007—2013年)的趋势。外资进入扩大了高、低技能劳动者的技能工资差距,但这种扩大作用呈现出逐渐缩小的趋势。在私营企业工作的高技能劳动者从外资进入中的获益更大,可能是外资进入扩大技能工资差距的主要原因。因此,扩大对外开放有助于提升中国劳动者收入,但要注意到外资进入会扩大技能工资差距,需加强对低技能劳动者的政策支持。In the context of globalization,the entry of foreign capital is an important factor affecting the wage and income gap of workers with different skills.Based on the 2002-2013 China Household Income Project Survey(CHIP)data,this paper introduces individual characteristic variables and urban macro variables into the Mincer wage equation,using instrumental variables and the 2 SLS approach,which allows for a more detailed examination of the impact of foreign capital entry on the skill wage gap after China’s accession to the WTO.It is found that foreign capital entry significantly raises the wage income of Chinese workers,with larger values of the estimated coefficients obtained using instrumental variables,but this boost tends to widen(2002-2007)and then narrow(2007-2013).The entry of foreign capital widens the skill wage gap between high-and low-skilled workers,but this widening effect shows a tendency to gradually decrease.High-skilled workers working in private firms benefit more from foreign capital entry and may be the main reason why foreign capital entry widens the skill wage gap.Therefore,expanding the opening to the outside world can help raise the income of workers in China,but it is important to note that foreign capital entry can widen the skill wage gap and policy support for low-skilled workers must be strengthened.

关 键 词：外资进入 技能工资差距 工具变量法 

分 类 号：F832.6[经济管理—金融学] F249.24