新疆橡胶草锈病病原菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Rust Disease on Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin in Xinjiang

作　　者：韩盛[1] 高强[2] 邢涛[3] 徐麟[2] 任海龙[2,4] 严青青 玉山江·麦麦提 张龑[2] 李文慧[5] HAN Sheng;GAO Qiang;XIANG Tao;XU Lin;REN Hailong;YAN Qingqing;Yushanjiang Maimaiti;ZHANG Yan;LI Wenghui(Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;Shandong Linglong Tire Co., Ltd., Zhaoyuan Shandong 2654003;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Breeding, Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510308, Guangdong Province, China;Luntai fruit tree resource nursery, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Luntai Xinjiang 830000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]山东玲珑轮胎股份有限公司,山东招远2654003 [4]广州市农业科学研究院生物与遗传育种重点实验室,广州510308 [5]新疆农业科学院轮台果树资源圃,新疆轮台830000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2022年第5期1231-1235,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“黄河三角洲耐盐碱作物提质增效技术集成研究与示范”(2019YFD1002703);国家重点研发计划“资助-绿色、水基、高效、低成本蒲公英橡胶制备关键技术和性能研究”(2017YFB0306901);新疆农业科学院自主培育项目“新疆农作物种质资源优异特性挖掘与利用”(nkyzzkj-008);北京玲珑蒲公英科技发展有限公司项目“橡胶草栽培装备技术模式研究与原料基地建设”。

摘　　要：【目的】研究引起新疆伊犁橡胶草锈病的病原菌种类,为该病的有效防控提供科学依据。【方法】按照柯赫氏法则,分离田间橡胶草锈病病原并接种健康橡胶草以验证其致病性,采用显微镜观察橡胶草锈菌夏孢子形态,应用真菌通用引物NL1/NL4和锈菌通用引物ITS5-u/ITS4rust分别对锈菌的28S rDNA和ITS基因序列进行PCR扩增和测序,通过ITS序列构建系统发育树分析该菌种属地位。【结果】田间病样分离获得的锈菌可侵染健康株并且发病症状与田间症状一致。橡胶草锈菌夏孢子近球形、椭圆形或卵圆形,大小为(24~32×21~26)μm,淡黄色至栗褐色,有刺,单胞,壁厚为1~2.5μm。新疆伊犁橡胶草锈菌与山柳菊柄锈菌最为接近,其序列同源性达到了99.06%。【结论】引起新疆伊犁橡胶草锈病的病原菌为山柳菊柄锈菌。【Objective】This project aims to identify the pathogen causing Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin rust disease and provide scientific basis for the effective control of the disease.【Methods】According to Koch's rule,the pathogen of rubber grass rust in the field was isolated and inoculated with healthy rubber grass to verify its pathogenicity.The morphology of summer spores of rubber grass rust was observed under the microscope.The 28S rDNA and its gene sequences of rust were amplified and sequenced by PCR with fungal universal primer NL1/NL4 and rust universal primer ITS5-u/ITS4rust.The phylogenetic tree was constructed by its sequence to analyze the genus status of the strain.【Result】The rust isolated from field samples could infect healthy plants,and the symptoms were consistent with those in the field.The summer spores of rubber grass rust were nearly spherical,oval or ovoid,and the size was(24-32×21-26)μm,light yellow to chestnut brown,spiny,single cell,wall thickness of 1-2.5μm.Its sequence genetic analysis showed that rubber grass rust in Ili,Xinjiang was the closest to Pucciniahieracii,and its sequence homology reached 99.06%.【Conclusion】The pathogen causing Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin rust disease was Pucciniahieracii.

关 键 词：橡胶草 锈病 分离 鉴定 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]