西花蓟马对非嗜食寄主蚕豆植株短期适应的生化机制  

The biochemical mechanism of the short-term adaptation of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis to the broad bean, the non-favorite host plant

作　　者：谢文 郅军锐[1] 侯晓琳 刘利 Xie Wen;Zhi Junrui;Hou Xiaolin;Liu Li(The Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in the Mountainous Region,Institute of Entomology of Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵州省山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2022年第2期587-594,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660516);贵州省农业攻关项目(黔科合NY[2015]3014-1号);贵州省国际科技合作基地(黔科合平台人才[2016]5802)。

摘　　要：为明确西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis对非嗜食寄主蚕豆植株短期适应的生化机制,将菜豆豆荚上长期饲养的西花蓟马转移至蚕豆植株上胁迫饲喂,分别在12、24、48、72和96 h测定西花蓟马体内解毒酶、保护酶、消化酶的活性及营养物质的含量。结果表明,取食蚕豆植株后西花蓟马体内羧酸酯酶(carboxylesterase,CarE)活性不断升高,在72 h时达到最高值0.65 U/mg prot,然后下降;谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(glutathione-S-transferase,GST)活性也显著增加,且随取食时间延长一直升高,在96 h时达到最高值18.85 U/mg prot;细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,CYP450)活性在12 h受到显著抑制,降至0.02 U/mg prot,仅为对照的76.89%,随时间推移,在72 h时达到最高值并显著高于对照。过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性均先升高后降低,在48 h时酶活性达到最高值,分别为1.50、4.82和41.31 U/mg prot。消化酶类胰蛋白酶活性在取食12 h被迅速激活升至最高水平,为0.03 U/mg prot,α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性变化则相反,随取食时间先降低后升高。西花蓟马体内总蛋白含量先降低后升高,总糖含量在前24 h内变化不显著,之后便逐渐降低,总脂含量则是一直降低。表明西花蓟马可快速调节体内酶活性及营养物质含量来适应非嗜食寄主蚕豆植株。In order to clarify the biochemical mechanism of the short-term adaptation of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis to its non-favorite host plant, the broad bean Vicia faba, F. occidentalis was transferred from the kidney bean pod to the broad bean plant at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively, and the activities of detoxifying enzymes, protective enzymes, digestive enzymes and nutrient contents in F. occidentalis were determined. It was found that the activity of carboxylesterase(CarE) increased significantly, reached the peak(0.65 U/mg prot), and then decreased. The activity of glutathione-S-transferase(GST) increased with the prolongation of feeding time, and reached 18.85 U/mg prot at 96 h. The activity of cytochrome P450(CYP450) was significantly inhibited with the lowest value of0.02 U/mg prot at 12 h, which was only 76.89% of the control, but then it rose and reached the highest at 72 h. The activities of catalase(CAT), peroxidase(POD) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) increased firstly and then decreased, reaching the peaks(1.50, 4.82, 41.31 U/mg prot, respectively) at 48 h. The activity of tryptase increased to the highest level(0.03 U/mg prot) at 12 h, while the activities of α-amylase and trypsin decreased firstly and then increased with the extension of feeding time. The contents of total protein decreased firstly and then increased. The contents of total sugar did not change significantly within 24 h, though then decreased gradually. The contents of total lipid decreased at all the time. The results indicated that F. occidentalis could adapt to the broad bean plant in a short time by regulating enzyme activities and nutrient contents.

关 键 词：西花蓟马 嗜食性 蚕豆植株 酶活性 营养物质 适应性 

分 类 号：S436.43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]