电解质种类对锥形纳米通道中动电能量转换特性的影响  

Electrolyte Effects on Electrokinetic Energy Conversion in Conical Nanochannels

作　　者：钱芳 郭盼盼 韦冬敏 崔永赫 王秋旺[1] 赵存陆 QIAN Fang;GUO Panpan;WEI Dongmin;CUI Yonghe;WANG Qiuwang;ZHAO Cunlu(MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering,School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室,西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2022年第5期1174-1181,共8页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.51976157);创新研究群体项目(No.51721004);陕西省留学人员科技活动择优资助项目(No.2018011);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.xzy012020075)。

摘　　要：压力驱动纳米通道动电能量转换可以将流体的动能直接转换成电能,是一种清洁可再生的电能生产方式。考虑到制备的纳米通道大多具有横截面非均一性,本文选取了锥形纳米通道这一典型的非均一横截面纳米通道,通过数值模拟的方法求解控制动电能量转化的多物理场耦合模型,重点讨论了电解质种类(LiCl、NaCl和KCl)和锥形纳米通道锥度对动电能量转换特性和各发电性能参数调整效应的影响。研究发现阳离子扩散系数越小的电解质溶液,于小锥度正向压差时其能量转换效率取得的峰值越大,如LiCl溶液能量转换效率0.85%,高于NaCl溶液(0.7%)和KCl溶液(0.53%)。研究结果对锥形纳米通道在实际动电能量转换应用时电解质种类、串/并联方式和压力驱动方向的选择具有指导意义。Pressure-driven electrokinetic energy conversion in nanochannels has the ability of directly converting the hydrodynamic energy to the electric power, which is a clean and renewable way for electricity generation. Considering the nanochannels fabricated with nonuniform cross-section,this paper focuses on a typical nanochannel of nonuniform cross-section, i.e., conical nanochannel, and solves the coupled multiphysical fields governing the electrokinetic energy conversion in nanochannel with the numerical simulation, and then thoroughly discusses the effects of electrolyte(LiCl, NaCl,KCl) and nanochannel conicity on the electrokinetic energy conversion and the regulation effects of the performance parameters. The study found that the aqueous electrolyte solution with a smaller cation diffusion coefficient under the conditions of a forward pressure difference and a small channel conicity can achieve a higher value of the energy conversion efficiency, e.g., the energy conversion efficiency of LiCl solution is 0.85%, which is higher than NaCl solution(0.7%) and KCl solution(0.53%). The conclusions from this study are of significance for the selection of the electrolytes, the serial or parallel configuration and the direction of applied pressure difference during the design and operation of electrokinetic energy conversion devices.

关 键 词：动电能量转换 纳米通道 锥度 电解质效应 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]