经典化的难题:民国国语文教科书戏曲类选文研究  

The Problems in Canonization:A Study of Selected Chinese Opera in Chinese Textbooks during the Republic Period

作　　者：江棘[1] 孙悦 Jiang Ji;Sun Yue

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院 [2]北京市人力资源和社会保障局宣传中心

出　　处：《戏剧（中央戏剧学院学报）》2022年第2期156-169,共14页Drama:The Journal of the Central Academy of Drama

基　　金：中央戏剧学院院重大项目“新中国高等戏剧教育史”(项目编号:YNZDA2001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：近代以来戏剧与启蒙教育的结合历来是研究重点,但现代学制教育体系中的戏曲选文却少为人关注。新教科书中戏曲选文的晚出与“厚古薄今”的遴选倾向,悖论式地展现了此时戏剧史观与文学进化观的内在逻辑紧张,揭示出古典戏曲经典化问题与现实文化话语权力的交织。而更为具体的难题还在于如何将戏曲伦理教谕内涵和文/曲体特征分别对标现代公民教育和国语文教育的要求。赋予古典戏曲时代性的阐释和“白话”“活语言”等诸多新文体标签,并不能弥合两者间的裂隙,相关解决策略以及其中的张力与矛盾,亦成为中国戏曲研究现代学术转型与现代戏剧学科创建中的重要问题点,其影响延续至今。The combination of theatre and enlightening education has long been a research focus,but the selection of Chinese opera in modern school system has received limited attention.The late appearance of selected Chinese opera in textbooks and the tendency to“favor the ancient over the modern”paradoxically demonstrate the inherent logical tension between the historical view of theatre and the evolutionary view of literature,revealing the intertwining of the canonization of classical Chinese opera and the cultural discourse power in reality.More specific problems lie in the way to align the ethical educational connotation of opera with the demand of modern civic education,and to align the literary/music form features of Chinese opera with the requirements of Chinese education.Such gaps can neither be bridged by contemporary interpretations of the classical Chines opera,nor by new stylistic labels such as“vernacular”and“living language”.The relevant resolution strategies,along with the tensions and contradictions therein,are important and continuously influential in the modern academic transformation of Chinese opera studies and the disciplinary creation of modern theatre.

关 键 词：国语文教科书 戏曲类选文 史观悖论 阐释张力 文体困境 

分 类 号：J82[艺术—戏剧戏曲]