恶意数据爬取犯罪的类型区分与治理模式  

The Classification and Governance Model of Malicious Data Crawling Crime

作　　者：李灿 LI Can(Fudan University,Shanghai 200438)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院 [2]上海市人民检察院第一分院

出　　处：《犯罪研究》2022年第1期79-88,共10页Chinese Criminology Review

基　　金：中国法学会2021年度部级法学研究课题“跨境网络信息犯罪刑事管辖权问题的中国方案”(项目编号:CLS<2021>C13)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：通过对61份涉数据爬取犯罪刑事裁判文书实证分析发现,恶意爬取数据犯罪呈现出不同形态,分别以普通数据、视听作品、可识别数据等应用场景出现,且非法获取数据行为同时容易诱发其他关联违法犯罪行为。恶意数据爬取犯罪治理面临查处难度大、司法定性难、法律规范滞后等困境。治理恶意数据爬取犯罪需要遵循系统治理、依法治理、综合治理、源头治理的理念;根据爬取数据的内容、行为方式以及造成的危害后果进行分类治理;通过明确数据的复合型法益内涵分级治理;通过构建数据犯罪治理的公私合作模式的多元协作治理。Through the empirical analysis of 61 criminal judgment documents concerning data crawling crime in judicial practice, it is found that the crime of malicious data crawling presents different forms, which manifest in the application scenarios of common data, content works and identifiable data respectively, and can easily induce other related criminal behaviors at the same time. The data crime governance is facing the difficulty of investigation and treatment, the difficulty of judicial determination of its nature and the fact that the legal norms are lagging behind. The management of malicious data crawling crime should follow the concept of systematic governance, legal governance, comprehensive governance and source governance.According to the content of the crawled data, the behavior of data crawling and the harmful consequences caused by it should be classified and governed. This paper defines the hierarchical governance of the compound legal interests of data, and constructs the public-private cooperation mode of data crime governance.

关 键 词：网络爬虫 数据保护 治理模式 个人信息 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]