城市生活垃圾热水解产物对土壤酶活性及菠菜生长的影响研究  

EFFECTS OF THERMAL HYDROLYSATES FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE ON SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITY AND SPINACH GROWTH

作　　者：王振华 吴娟[3] 宋建国[4] 白洁[1,5] WANG Zhenhua;WU Juan;SONG Jianguo;BAI Jie(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Environmental Sanitation Management Center of Yantai,Yantai 264000,China;College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;School of Environmental and Material Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;The Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology,Ministry Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]烟台市环境卫生管理中心,山东烟台264000 [3]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [4]烟台大学环境与材料工程学院,山东烟台264005 [5]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第3期126-131,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(62072391);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2019MF060)。

摘　　要：通过两种预处理工艺生产营养土(城市生活垃圾经过热水解+高温好氧堆肥的营养土A和城市生活垃圾经过热水解的营养土B),采用盆栽对比试验法,研究利用营养土种植菠菜过程中土壤酶活性和菠菜生物量的变化及其对土壤理化性质和作物生长的影响。结果表明:营养土A和营养土B均能有效提高菠菜种植过程中土壤的脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性,并且其随着营养土施用量的增加而增加趋势;在菠菜生长的同一阶段,施用营养土A的土壤酶活性高于营养土B的处理组和对照组,其中脲酶最高值为9.10 mg/g,出现在土壤与营养土的质量配比为5∶1的处理组(30 d)。两种营养土的施加均对中性磷酸酶活性有一定的抑制作用。施用营养土A和营养土B均可以显著提高菠菜的生物量,特别是施用营养土A时,土壤与营养土的质量配比为5∶1实验组的菠菜鲜重为64.19 g,与未施用营养土的对照组相比,增加132.32%。施用营养土A和营养土B能够影响土壤酶活性,增加菠菜生物量,营养土A的增产效果更为明显。In this paper,the changes of soil enzyme activity and spinach biomass and their effects on soil physical and chemical properties and crop growth during spinach planting were studied by pot comparative experiment with two types of nutrient soils(nutrient soil A of municipal solid waste after thermal hydrolysis + high temperature aerobic compost and nutrient soil B of municipal solid waste after thermal hydrolysis) produced by different pretreatment processes.The results showed that both nutrient soil A and nutrient soil B could effectively increase the activities of urease,catalase and sucrase in the soil during spinach planting and it had a tendency to increase with the increase of nutrient soil dosage;at the same stage of spinach growth,the soil enzyme activity of nutrient soil A was higher than that of treatment group B and control group,and the highest urease value was 9.10 mg/g,appearing in the treatment group with the ratio of soil to nutrient soil of 5∶1(30 d).The application of the two kinds of nutrient soil could inhibit the activity of neutral phosphatase to some extent.Both nutrient soil A and nutrient soil B could significantly improve the biomass of spinach,especially when nutrient soil A applied with the ratio of soil to nutrient soil of 5∶1,and then the fresh weight of spinach in the control group was 64.19 g,132.32% higher than that in the control group.The application of nutrient soil A and B could affect soil enzyme activity and increase spinach biomass,and the overall effect of nutrient soil A was more obvious.The results of this study can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for effective resource utilization of MSW.

关 键 词：生活垃圾 热水解 营养土 土壤活性 酶活性 生物量 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S154.2[农业科学—土壤学] S636.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]