基于城市固体废弃物的生物炭制备及其在垃圾填埋场和土壤改良中的应用研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON BIOCHAR PRODUCTION DERIVED FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND ITS APPLICATION IN LANDFILLS TREATMENT AND SOIL IMPROVEMENT

作　　者：罗景阳 李依 李涵 李怡冰 章钦 葛冉 黄文轩 LUO Jingyang;LI Yi;LI Han;LI Yibing;ZHANG Qin;GE Ran;HUANG Wenxuan(Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京210098 [2]河海大学环境学院,南京210098

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第3期194-202,共9页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52070069);中央高校基本业务费(B200202099,B210203031)。

摘　　要：近年来,以城市固废为原料制备生物炭为其资源化利用开辟了新思路,但在制备方式、影响因素及主要应用领域仍缺乏有效阐述。介绍了生物炭的制备方式,系统分析了城市固废原料、生产工艺对生物炭产率和性质等影响;在此基础上,概述了生物炭在垃圾填埋场治理修复(渗滤液处理、垃圾填埋场覆盖、可渗透反应墙材料)和土壤改良(理化性质、营养环境)的应用现状。结果表明:1)热解和水热碳化是城市固废制备生物炭的常用方式,其形成的生物炭具有较大的比表面积、孔隙率及更丰富的组分,对污染物质(如I^(-)、Cu^(2+)等)具有较强的吸附能力;2)城市固废自身特性及生产工艺都会对所得生物炭的性质产生影响;3)以特定城市固废生产的生物炭可用于垃圾填埋场修复和土壤改良,对填埋场造成的土壤、大气、地下水污染均具有良好的处理效果,也能充分提高土壤养分的有效性。该成果可为基于城市固废的生物炭生产及环境治理修复相关研究提供参考。With the increasing production of municipal solid waste(MSW),the disposal of MSW has been one of the annoying problems in the process of urbanization.Recently,the reutilization of MSW as raw materials for biochar production provides a novel approach for MSW disposal.However,the systematic demonstration of the biochar production from MSW and the potential application is still inefficient.Therefore,the main approaches of biochar production from MSW are mainly introduced,and the influences of MSW types and treatment processes on the biochar yields,as well as the characteristics are also analyzed.Furthermore,the potential application of biochar derived from MSW in landfills treatment(i.e.leachate treatment,landfill cover and permeable reactive barrier materials) and soil improvement(i.e.physical and chemical properties and nutritional environment).The results shows that:1) pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization are the common ways for biochar production derived from MSW.The produced biochar possesses large specific surface area and porosity,and the contents of some components such as carbon and calcium are much higher than that of the ordinary biochar,which has strong adsorption capacity for pollutants(i.e.iodine ion,copper ion);2) the characteristics of MSW and its production process exhibits evident effect on the properties of generated biochar;3) biochar derived from MSW can be used in landfill remediation and soil improvement to remediate the soil,air and groundwater pollution caused by landfill,and improve the nutrients bioavailability in soil.It can provide some guidance for the biochar production from MSW and its application for environmental remediation.

关 键 词：城市固体废弃物 生物炭 垃圾填埋场 土壤改良 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S156[农业科学—土壤学]