基于多源遥感的采空塌陷识别技术应用研究  

Application of mining collapse recognition technology based on multi-source remote sensing

作　　者：杨显华[1] 魏鹏 吕军 韩磊[1] 石浩林 刘智[1] YANG Xianhua;WEI Peng;LYU Jun;HAN Lei;SHI Haolin;LIU Zhi(Sichuan Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Strategic Resources Evaluation and Utilization,Sichuan Geological Survey Institute,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Academy of Land and Space Ecological Restoration and Geological Disaster Prevention and Control,Chengdu 610081,China;People’s Government of Baodun Town,Chengdu 611438,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省地质调查院稀有稀土战略资源评价与利用四川省重点实验室,成都610081 [2]四川省国土空间生态修复与地质灾害防治研究院,成都610081 [3]成都市新津区宝墩镇人民政府,成都611438

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2022年第2期162-167,共6页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目“全国矿山环境恢复治理状况遥感地质调查与监测”(编号:DD20190705);“西北等地区新增恢复治理遥感增值产品采购”(编号:2021193);“四川省矿产资源开发环境遥感监测”(编号:12120115061801)共同资助

摘　　要：矿山开发导致的采空塌陷会造成土壤、植被、水资源损毁;随着国家实施生态修复战略,有效识别、监控采空塌陷区显得意义重大。为此,利用多源高分辨率光学影像和Sentinel-1 SAR雷达影像,采用Stacking InSAR地面沉降信息提取和光学影像采空塌陷人机交互解译方式,分别对甘肃白银某煤矿区采空塌陷实施了识别、监测;综合对比分析了各自技术特点,并探讨在生态修复工程部署中的应用前景。研究结果表明:①Stacking InSAR雷达监测技术能更好反映监测期内形变信息,对于浅部、中部、深部煤层的采空塌陷区均能有效识别;②高分辨率光学影像则对浅部、中部煤层的采空塌陷区能较好识别,能更为精准识别损毁土地情况,对目前塌陷形变已停止、历史上形成的采空塌陷区及损毁土地情况有很好的识别能力;③综合InSAR雷达监测技术和高分辨率光学影像遥感识别方法,能全面获取各阶段采空塌陷形变及损毁土地情况,可为生态修复工程提供翔实可靠的基础数据。Mining collapse has caused damage to soil,vegetation,and water resources.With the implementation of the national ecological restoration strategy,it is significant to effectively identify and monitor collapse areas.For this purpose,based on multi-source high-resolution remote sensing images and Sentinel-1 SAR radar images,this study identified and monitored the mining collapses of a coal mine in Baiyin City,Gansu Province using the two technologies,namely the Stacking-InSAR method for extracting ground subsidence data and the human-computer interactive interpretation of optical images of mining collapse.Moreover,this study comprehensively compared the characteristics of both techniques and explored the application prospects of both techniques in the deployment of ecological restoration engineering.The results are as follows:①The Stacking-InSAR radar monitoring technology can better reflect the deformation during the monitoring period and can effectively identify the mining collapse areas in shallow,middle,and deep coal seams.②The high-resolution optical image technology can better identify the mining collapse areas in shallow and middle coal seams,more accurately identify the damaged land,and can well identify the historically formed mining collapse areas and damaged land whose collapse deformation has stopped.③The collapse deformation and land damage of various stages can be obtained by combining the InSAR monitoring technology and the recognition method base on high-resolution remote sensing images,thus providing detailed and reliable basic data for ecological restoration engineering.

关 键 词：采空塌陷 高分辨率光学影像 Stacking InSAR Sentinel-1 生态修复 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]