三峡库区(重庆段)水源涵养功能遥感监测及时空分布特征分析  

Analysis on water conservation function using remote sensing method in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(Chongqing section)

作　　者：叶勤玉 杨世琦 张强[3] 王舒[4] 何泽能 郑颖慧 YE Qinyu;YANG Shiqi;ZHANG Qiang;WANG Shu;HE Zeneng;ZHENG Yinghui(Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Chongqing 401147,China;Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Agrometeorology and Satellite Remote Sensing,Chongqing 401147,China;Chongqing Meteorological Bureau,Chongqing 401147,China;National Meteorological Information Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市气象科学研究所,重庆401147 [2]重庆市农业气象与卫星遥感工程技术研究中心,重庆401147 [3]重庆市气象局,重庆401147 [4]国家气象信息中心,北京100081

出　　处：《自然资源遥感》2022年第2期184-193,共10页Remote Sensing for Natural Resources

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目“多源遥感协同的西南地区土壤水分时空变化监测研究”(编号:cstc2020jcyj-msxmX1009);重庆市自然科学基金项目“基于北斗系统的重庆市土壤湿度监测关键技术研究”(编号:cstc2020jcyj-msxmX1026);重庆市气象局智慧气象技术创新团队项目“重庆市三峡库区水源涵养功能遥感监测评估方法研究”(编号:ZHCXTD-201926)共同资助

摘　　要：水源涵养功能是生态系统最重要的功能之一,可以为生态系统和人类保持、提供水资源。本研究根据水源涵养的物理含义,使用叶面积指数、植被覆盖度、蒸散代表植被层的水源涵养能力,使用地表温度、土壤含水量、坡度代表土壤层的水源涵养能力,通过主成分分析法构建水源涵养遥感监测综合指标模型,探索三峡库区水源涵养功能时空分布特征。结果表明,水源涵养生态功能指数(water conservation index,WCI)客观耦合了各个指标信息,能够快速简便地对三峡库区水源涵养生态功能进行评估,合理地代表了评估区域的水源涵养生态能力。2019年,三峡库区水源涵养能力分布不均,呈现下游强、上游弱的空间分布格局,渝东北以森林生态系统为主,水源涵养功能最强。2013—2019年7 a来,三峡库区大部分区域WCI处于略微增加趋势,其中,以丰都、开州、云阳的部分区域增加得较为明显。Water conservation is one of the most important functions of an ecosystem and can maintain and provide water resources for the ecosystem and humans.According to the physical meaning of water conservation,this study used leaf area index,vegetation coverage,and evapotranspiration to represent the water conservation of the vegetation layer and used surface temperature,soil moisture content,and slope to represent the water conservation capacity of the soil layer.Then,this study developed a remote sensing monitoring and evaluation model for water conservation through principal component analysis to explore the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the water conservation capacity in the Three Gorges reservoir area.The results show that the water conservation index(WCI)contained the objective information of various indices,could be used to quickly and conveniently assess the water conservation function in the Three Gorges Reservoir area,and properly represented the water conservation capacity there.In 2019,the water conservation capacity was unevenly distributed in the Three Gorges reservoir area and was high downstream and low upstream.The northeastern part of Chongqing was dominated by forest ecosystems and had the strongest water conservation function.From 2013 to 2019,the WCI slightly increased in most areas,especially in some parts of Fengdu,Kaizhou,and Yunyang areas.

关 键 词：水源涵养 三峡库区 生态系统服务功能 遥感 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]