明清时期商业知识的生产与传播  

Production and Dissemination of Business Knowledge in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：徐悦超 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2022年第5期63-72,共10页History Teaching

摘　　要：明清时期商业知识大体可分两类:士人正面阐释的经商价值取向,即“市道”和民间商人在实际买卖过程中总结出的具体经验。“市道”价值是对买卖经验在学理上的提炼与认可;买卖经验为“市道”价值提供丰富的知识资源,又在“市道”价值的影响下不断调整自己的知识内容。二者共同构筑了明清传统商业知识的生产与传播过程。明清士人从中立的经商规律与积极的从商道义两个维度论证“市道”为“正道”,民间商人则在日用商书的内容基调、师徒授受的方式与具体的经商技术三个面相上秉持与表达“市道”价值。明清时期商业知识为商学在近代中国的起势提供了传统上的依托。There were two types of traditional business knowledge in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The first was“the Way of Commerce”that was a value orientation of trading complimented by intellectuals during Ming and Qing Dynasties. The other was realizations of experiences of commerce summarized by folk merchants. The intellectuals approved of the realizations of experiences of commerce,and sublimated them into “The Way of Commerce”. The realizations provided with resources of business knowledge for “the Way of Commerce”. And the realizations were being adjusted under the influence of“the Way of Commerce”. The two types both formed the process of production and dissemination of traditional business knowledge in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The intellectuals demonstrated “the Way of Commerce”being part of “the Right Way”in the commercial law and commercial ethics. Folk merchants followed and expressed “the Way of Commerce”in fields of commercial handbooks’ keynote, teaching and learning style in commercial operation and technologies in commerce. The traditional business knowledge in Ming and Qing Dynasties had a connotation that there were studies in commerceall the time. The connotation provided with a support of“traditional”for“Business Study”rising in Modern China.

关 键 词：“市道”价值 买卖经验 明清 商业知识 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学]