居民收入分布与产品技术创新——需求引致创新理论与实证检验  

Individual Income Distribution and Product Technology Innovation:Demand-induced Innovation Theory and Empirical Analysis

作　　者：孙巍[1] 夏海利 Sun Wei;Xia Haili(Center for Quantitative Economics,Jilin University;School of Business and Management,Jilin University)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学数量经济研究中心,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林大学商学与管理学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《经济科学》2022年第3期50-64,共15页Economic Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新常态下促进经济稳定增长的要素配置与产业升级政策研究”(项目编号:16JJD790015);吉林省社会科学基金项目“吉林省居民收入分布变迁与消费升级路径研究”(项目编号:2020C026)的阶段性成果;。

摘　　要：需求引致创新强调居民收入差距通过需求结构对产品创新发挥作用。本文构建最终消费品创新一般均衡模型,不仅完整地刻画了需求引致创新机制,而且从收入增长率和收入不确定性拓展了需求引致创新理论。理论模型表明:第一,需求引致创新源自价格效应和市场规模效应的相对权衡,收入差距与产品创新存在倒U形关系;第二,较高的收入增长率由市场规模的预期增加对产品创新发挥正向激励;第三,收入不确定性因增加了预防性储蓄而对技术创新产生抑制作用。基于制造业21个大类行业2008—2020年的实证分析支持了理论模型的相应结论。Demand-induced innovation emphasizes that the income gap plays a role in product innovation through demand structure.This paper develops a general equilibrium of consumer goods innovation,which not only fully investigates the demand-induced innovation mechanism,but also expands the demand-induced innovation theory from the income growth rate and income uncertainty.The model shows that first,demand-induced innovation depends on the trade-off between price effect and market size effect,then exists an inverted U-shaped relationship between income gap and product innovation.Second,high income growth rates have a positive incentive for product innovation due to the expected increase in market size.Third,income uncertainty has an inhibitory effect on technology innovation through increasing precautionary savings.Based on the empirical analysis of 21 major industries in the manufacturing industry from 2008 to 2020,the corresponding conclusions of the theoretical model are supported.

关 键 词：居民收入分布 需求引致创新 价格效应 市场规模效应 消费品创新一般均衡 

分 类 号：F019.1[经济管理—政治经济学]