山药种质资源SSR分析及初级核心种质库的构建  

SSR analysis of Chinese yam(Dioscorea opposita Thunb.)germplasm resources and construction of primary core collection

作　　者：杨帆[1] 张艳芳[1] 王锦华 赵圆 赵令敏 张晓蒙[3] 张勇[3] 霍秀文[1] YANG Fan;ZHANG Yanfang;WANG Jinhua;ZHAO Yuan;ZHAO Lingmin;ZHANG Xiaomeng;ZHANG Yong;HUO Xiuwen(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China;Ulanqab Agricultural and Livestock Product Quality and Safety Center,Jining 012000,China;BayannurAgriculture and Animal Husbandry Research Institute,Linhe 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010011 [2]乌兰察布市农畜产品质量安全中心,内蒙古集宁012000 [3]巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究院,内蒙古临河015000

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2022年第2期18-27,共10页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860558);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0044)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析山药种质资源的遗传多样性,建立山药初级核心种质库,提高山药育种效率。【方法】利用12对SSR引物对55份山药种质叶片基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,分析其遗传多样性,并采用聚类分析法构建山药初级核心种质库。【结果】12对引物在55份山药种质中扩增出128个位点,多态位点率为98.43%,单个位点平均等位基因数(Na)为1.9844,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.4204,平均Nei′s基因多样性指数(He)为0.2650,单个材料扩增条带平均Shannon-Wiener多样性信息指数(I)为0.4172;聚类分析表明,种质间的遗传相似系数为0.570~0.898;经6次抽样,发现除多态位点率较抽样前明显降低外,其余指标变化较小,抽样比例30%多态位点率为93.75%,代表性较高,确定为山药初级核心种质库。【结论】55份山药材料遗传多样性较丰富;抽样30%构建的初级核心种质库可有效代表原始群体。【Objective】To improve the efficiency of Dioscorea opposita Thunb.(Chinese yam)breeding,the genetic variety of Chinese yam germplasm resources was studied,and the primary core collection was established.【Methods】12 pairs of SSR primers were used to amplify the leaf genomic DNA of 55 Chinese yam germplasm by PCR.Genetic diversity was analyzed.Cluster analysis was used to create the yam primary core collection.【Results】12 primer pairs amplified 128 loci from 55 Chinese yam germplasm,with a polymorphism ratio of 98.43%.The average number of alleles(Na)at a single locus was 1.9844.The average number of effective alleles(Ne)was 1.4204.The average Nei′s gene diversity index(He)was 0.2650.And the average Shannon-Wiener diversity information index(I)of single material amplified bands was 0.4172.The genetic similarity coefficient among germplasm was 0.570-0.898 according to cluster analysis.After six times of sampling,it was found that except that the rate of polymorphic loci was significantly lower than that before sampling,the changes of other indexes were small.When the sampling proportion was 30%,the rate of polymorphic loci was 93.75%,which was highly representative and was chosen as the primary core collection of Chinese yam.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of the 55 Chinese yum material was quite high.The 30%sampled primary core collection could adequately represent the original population.

关 键 词：山药 SSR 遗传多样性 核心种质库 种质资源 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]