生态文明建设背景下北京市城乡建设用地效率评价  

Evaluation on Urban and Rural Construction Land Efficiency in Beijing under the Background of Ecological Civilization Construction

作　　者：张潆文[1] 张浩楠 王介勇[2] ZHANG Yingwen;ZHANG Haonan;WANG Jieyong(Capital City Environmental Construction Research Base, Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]北京城市学院首都城市环境建设研究基地,北京100083 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2022年第3期25-30,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD090);国家自然科学基金项目(42171266)。

摘　　要：采用数据包络分析和Malmquist指数法,对2013—2019年北京市城乡建设用地效率进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)2013—2019年,北京市各区城乡建设用地效率总体呈稳步上升态势,但仍有较大提升空间;规模报酬递减效应日益显著,规模效率呈现下降趋势。(2)各区效率水平呈明显分层结构和组团化特征,首都功能核心区(东城区、西城区)和生态涵养发展区(门头沟区、延庆区等)总体优于城市功能拓展区(丰台区等)和城市发展新区(通州区、昌平区等)。(3)效率重心位于中心城区北部,总体向东北方向移动。(4)2019年通州区、丰台区等6个低效区各类投入冗余和产出不足相对突出,需加强用地管控和存量挖潜。(5)北京市城乡建设用地全要素生产率提升主要受技术进步驱动,年均增长率为9.7%。未来,北京市应贯彻新发展理念,持续探索生态友好型、节约集约型土地利用模式,加快构建高效绿色的国土空间开发保护新格局。This research comprehensively applied DEA and Malmquist index methods to evaluate the efficiency of urban and rural construction land in Beijing from 2013 to 2019.The results showed that:(1)Since 2013,the average of urban and rural construction land efficiency of all districts in Beijing had been steadily increasing,and there was still much room for improvement.Decreasing returns to scale had become increasingly significant.Scale efficiency showed a downward trend.(2)The efficiency level at the district level presented obvious features of hierarchical structure and clustering.The core areas of capital function(Dongcheng District,Xicheng District)and ecological conservation development areas(Mentougou District,Yanqing District,etc.)were better than the urban function expansion areas(Fengtai District,etc.)and urban newly developing areas(Tongzhou District,Changping District)in land use efficiency.(3)The mean center of efficiency was located in the northern part of the city center,generally moving to the northeast of the city.(4)In 2019,the redundancy of input indexes and insufficience of output indexes of the six low-efficiency districts such as Tongzhou District and Fengtai District were relatively apparent.It was required to strengthen land use control and explore the stock.(5)The average annual growth rate of total factor productivity of urban and rural construction land in Beijing was 9.7%,which was mainly driven by technological progress.In the future,Beijing should carry out new development concepts and explore eco-friendly,economical and intensive land use models to construct a new pattern of efficient and green land space exploitation and protection.

关 键 词：城乡建设用地 利用效率 数据包络分析 MALMQUIST指数 北京市 

分 类 号：F293.2[经济管理—国民经济]