地震数据采集现场实时输出附地质层位单炮记录的智能方法  

An intelligent method of instantly outputting singleshot records with geological horizons in seismic data acquisition fields

作　　者：胡峰 窝聿楷 梁顺军 陈江力 张晓斌 敬龙江 HU Feng;WO Yukai;LIANG Shunjun;CHEN Jiangli;ZHANG Xiaobin;JING Longjiang(Southwest Branch,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China;School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司西南物探分公司,四川成都610213 [2]西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2022年第3期532-539,I0002,共9页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：通过VSP、合成记录对地震剖面进行地质层位标定,是常规地震资料解释的重要环节,且已有成熟的方法和标准;对单炮记录的层位标定方法尚属空白。在地震数据采集现场,通常采用“相面法”分析评价单炮记录质量,但对单炮记录上反射层同向轴对应的地质层位并不清楚,从而影响对单炮记录质量的科学合理评价。本文通过建立“埋时T;图、地质层位、地形、炮点坐标”四维地震数据体,应用“地震单炮记录地质层位智能快速标定方法”,即依据观测系统进行地震采集,每放一炮,计算机自动输出带地质层位的单炮记录,有助于分析目的层的反射能量和信噪比,实时监控单炮记录质量,从而确保采集到高质量地震数据。Calibrating the geological horizon of seismic profiles by VSP and synthetic records,which has plenty of well-studied methods and well-established standards,is a critical step in conventional seismic data interpretation.However,the method of calibrating the geological horizon of single-shot records has rarely been explored.Generally,the quality of single-shot records is measured by the“phase surface method”in the field of seismic data acquisition,but this method fails to provide a clear picture of the geological horizon corresponding to the event in the reflection layer of single-shot records,which affects the scientific and rational quality evaluation of single-shot records.Considering this,we propose building the four-dimensional seismic data volume of“the figure of buried time T0u,geological horizon,topography,and source coordinates”and applying an intelligent method that instantly calibrates the geological horizon of each single-shot record.In other words,by the recording geometry for seismic data acquisition,the computer automatically outputs the single-shot record with its geological horizon as each shot is exploded.The proposed method is conducive to analyzing the reflected energy and signal-to-noise ratio in the target layer,achieving a real-time response in checking the quality of each single-shot record,and thus ensuring that high-quality seismic data can be acquired.

关 键 词：地震采集 单炮记录 实时自动层位标定 质量分析 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]