一种动态起伏的海表面建模方法  

A dynamic sea surface modeling method

作　　者：王兆旗 范国章 丁梁波 张威 叶月明 王宗仁 WANG Zhaoqi;FAN Guozhang;DING Liangbo;ZHANG Wei;YE Yueming;WANG Zong-ren(PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310023,China;Shanghai Investigation,Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200335,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油杭州地质研究院,杭州310023 [2]上海勘察设计研究院(集团)有限公司

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2022年第3期550-556,581,I0002,I0003,共10页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“面向海洋深水资料的全波场最小二乘偏移方法研究”(41874164);中国石油天然气股份有限公司前瞻性基础性技术攻关课题“海外深水、超深水油气勘探关键技术研究”(2021DJ2403)联合资助。

摘　　要：在重力和风力等自然因素的影响下,实际海面呈现动态起伏变化形态。粗糙的起伏海表面会影响数据处理过程中鬼波算子估算的准确度,进而影响鬼波压制效果。为研究起伏海表面下鬼波对地震记录的影响,基于PM(Pierson-Moscowitz)海浪谱计算模型,首先,将不同时刻的静态粗糙海表面进行组合,得到连续时刻的动态海表面以逼近真实动态起伏海表面;然后,采用克希霍夫近似法,分别提出动态起伏海表面下非脉冲震源鬼波和检波器鬼波的建模方法。合成数据测试结果表明,提出的建模方法可有效模拟更符合真实动态海表面的地震记录,并可用来测试鬼波压制算法的实际效果。Due to the influence of natural factors such as gravity and wind,the actual sea surface exhibits dynamic fluctuations in shape.The rough sea surface lowers the estimation accuracy of the ghost wave operator in data processing,thereby affecting the deghosting effect.To study the influence of ghost waves generated under the dynamic sea surface on seismic records,this paper first combines the static rough sea surface at different moments by using the Pierson-Moskowitz(PM)wave spectrum model to generate a dynamic sea surface at continuous time which approximates a real dynamic sea surface.Then,by using the Kirchhoff approximation,the paper puts forward the modeling methods of non-pulse source ghost waves and geophone ghost waves under the dynamic sea surface.The synthetic data test shows that the proposed modeling method can effectively simulate the seismic records more in line with the actual dynamic sea surface and test the actual effect of deghosting algorithms.

关 键 词：动态起伏海面 鬼波 克希霍夫近似法 PM海浪谱 建模方法 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]