“非市场经济地位”与反倾销调查——基于全球对华反倾销调查数据的实证研究  

“Non-market Economy Status”and Antidumping Investigations——Evidence from Global Antidumping Cases Against China

作　　者：方菲菲 龙小宁 FANG Feifei;LONG Xiaoning(Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai,China;Xiamen University,Xiamen,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学国际金融学院,519082 [2]厦门大学知识产权研究院和“一带一路”研究院,361005

出　　处：《经济学动态》2022年第2期35-50,共16页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72073114);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(72103067)。

摘　　要：在WTO框架下,“非市场经济地位”一直是一些国家掣肘中国的重要筹码。虽然在中国加入WTO满15年后相关条款不再适用,但一些发达国家认为非市场经济地位并非自动终止,并相应出台新的政策以便对中国继续使用替代国做法。近年来,一些国家频繁对华发起反倾销调查,非市场经济问题对反倾销调查的影响不容忽视。为了探讨中国的市场经济地位与对华反倾销的关系,本文基于1995—2015年全球对华反倾销案例,使用双重差分模型从国家层面和行业层面对此问题进行分析。本文发现,中国的“非市场经济地位”的确是影响一国对华反倾销的重要因素;异质性检验结果表明,中国的“非市场经济地位”仅显著提高发达国家而非发展中国家的对华反倾销调查;同时,两国间竞争、贸易不平衡、相关行业生产率降低和人均产出减少等因素也是一国对华反倾销的原因;稳健性检验和内生性问题的结果进一步支持了本文的主要结论。本文为理解非市场经济地位对反倾销调查的影响,尤其是在当前充满不确定性的国际形势中如何积极应对反倾销调查提供了有益借鉴。Under the WTO framework,“non-market economy status”has always been an important bargaining chip for China.Although the rule would no longer apply after China had joined the WTO for 15 years,some developed countries believe that the non-market economy status is not automatically terminated and introduced new policies to continue to use the surrogate country approach against China.Recently,some countries frequently initiated antidumping investigations against China.The impact of“non-market economy status”cannot be ignored.In order to explore the relationship between China’s“non-market economy status”and antidumping against China,we conducted a difference-in-difference analysis to answer this question at the country and industry level based on global antidumping cases against China from 1995 to 2015.In this paper,we found that:Firstly,China’s“non-market economy status”was indeed an important factor affecting a country’s antidumping investigation against China.Secondly,the results of heterogeneity tests showed that China’s“non-market economy status”only increased developed countries’but not developing countries’antidumping investigations against China.In addition,competition,trade imbalance,reduced productivity and per capita output in related industries might also influencs antidumping against China.Our results remained unchanged after introducing several robustness checks and solving the endogeneity problem.The conclusions of this paper can provide useful reference for understanding the impact of“non-market economy status”on antidumping investigations,especially how to respond to antidumping investigations in current international environment with great uncertainty.

关 键 词：反倾销 非市场经济地位 替代国 发达国家 发展中国家 

分 类 号：F752.02[经济管理—国际贸易]