江苏东台野生草本植物多样性及其与环境因子的关系  

Wild herb diversity and its relationship with environmental factors in Dongtai county, Jiangsu Province

作　　者：叶鹏程 陈慧 张光富[2] 赵晓 朱伟 斯琴 武建勇 YE Pengcheng;CHEN Hui;ZHANG Guangfu;ZHAO Xiao;ZHU Wei;SI Qin;WU Jianyong(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China,Nanjing 210042,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology/School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [2]江苏省生物多样性与生物技术重点实验室/南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第3期133-141,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：生态环境部“生物多样性调查、观测和评估”项目(2019HJ2096001006);东台市生态环境局生物多样性本底调查项目(DZW2018B119)。

摘　　要：基于2019年3月(春季)、6月(夏季)和9月(秋季)进行的50个调查样点和247个1 m×1 m的草本调查样方数据,探究了东台市野生草本植物多样性现状及其与环境因子的关系。通过R语言的vegan程序包计算各调查样点的物种多样性指数。同时结合相关环境因子,运用R语言的ggplot2、spgwr、multcomp和dplyr等程序包,通过一元线性回归模型和地理加权回归模型探讨了物种多样性与环境因子的关系。统计分析结果表明:东台市共计有野生草本植物178种,隶属于47科134属。其中,一年生和二年生草本植物共计有90种,占总数的50.56%;多年生草本植物共计有88种,占总数的49.44%。物种丰富度指数(R)随年均温度(MAT)的上升呈极显著性的递增趋势(P<0.01),同时随年均降水量(MAP)的上升呈显著性的递增趋势(P<0.05)。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)随年均温度(MAT)的上升呈显著性的递增趋势(P<0.05)。年均温度(MAT)和年均降水量(MAP)对东台市野生植物多样性的影响较大,二者对野生草本植物物种丰富度差异的解释率可达41.80%,其中年均温度解释率为25.38%,年均降水量解释率为12.76%,而人口密度(PD)对物种多样性的影响较小。研究结果表明东台市野生草本植物物种多样性受水热条件影响较大,主要由热量动能和水分状况共同决定,进一步验证了水分-能量动态假说。In order to explore the status of wild herb diversity and its relationship with environmental factors in Dongtai county of Jiangsu Province, we set a total of 50 sampling sites and 247 1 m × 1 m herb plots in March(Spring), June(Summer) and September(Autumn) of 2019. Based on these survey data, we calculated the species diversity index of each sampling sites through the R language vegan program package. At the same time, we also combined the relevant environmental factors, and employed the R language ggplot2, spgwr, multcomp, dplyr and other program packages to discuss the species diversity and its relationship with environmental factors through a linear regression model and geographically weighted regression model(GWR). The statistical results showed that there were 178 wild herbs in Dongtai county,belonging to 47 families and 134 genera. Among them, there were 90 annual and biennial herbs, accounting for 50.56% of the total number of wild herbs. In addition, there were 88 perennial herbs, accounting for 49.44% of the total number of wild herbs. Species richness index(R) showed a very significant increasing trend with increasing mean annual temperature(MAT)(P < 0.01), at the same time, it also showed a significant increasing trend with increasing mean annual precipitation(MAP)(P < 0.05). MAT and MAP had a greater impact on the diversity of wild herbs in Dongtai county. Furthermore, 41.80% of variance in the abundance of wild herbs in Dongtai county could be explained by MAT and MAP(MAT = 25.38% of variance and MAP = 12.76%), while the population density(PD) had less impact on the species diversity. The research results indicated that the species diversity of wild herbs in Dongtai county was greatly influenced by hydrothermal conditions,mainly determined by the combination of thermal kinetic energy and moisture state, which further verified the water-energy dynamic hypothesis.

关 键 词：东台 环境因子 物种多样性 水分-能量动态假说 野生草本植物 

分 类 号：Q948.5[生物学—植物学]