基于遥感生态指数的河套灌区生态环境质量变化研究  

Study on the ecological environment quality change in Hetao irrigation area with remote sensing ecology index

作　　者：李尚志 薛华柱[1] 李静茹 周利娟 谷佳贺 董国涛 LI Shangzhi;XUE Huazhu;LI Jingru;ZHOU Lijuan;GU Jiahe;DONG Guotao(School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454002,China;Yellow River Conservancy Commission,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Heihe Water Resources and Ecological Protection Research Center,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,焦作454002 [2]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450000 [3]黑河水资源与生态保护研究中心,兰州730030

出　　处：《生态科学》2022年第3期156-165,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779099);中国保护黄河基金会项目(CYRF2018002)。

摘　　要：河套灌区是黄河中游的大型灌区,也是我国设计灌溉面积最大的灌区,2019年被列入世界灌溉工程遗产名录。为探究河套灌区在近十年来的生态变化情况,基于Landsat系列卫星2010年TM及2016年和2020年OLI/TIRS数据,利用绿度、湿度、干度、热度构建了遥感生态指数等指标,分析了河套灌区的近年来的生态环境变化情况。研究结果表明:从2010年至2020年,研究区的植被覆盖区域的绿度水平显著提高,湿度增加变化明显,干度和热度两大指标均有所下降,遥感生态指数由0.45上升到0.57,生态水平有所提高。沙漠及盐碱化地区的生态水平有变好的趋势,部分区域完成了从无植被到有植被覆盖的转换,人为影响因素显著,极大提高了区域生态环境水平。本次研究通过多种环境因子、遥感生态指数等手段研究河套灌区的生态变化情况,探讨人为因素对生态环境的影响,以期为河套区域生态保护提供理论参考和科学依据。Hetao irrigation area is a large irrigation area in the middle Huanghe basin, and is also the most extensive irrigation area in China, which was inscribed world’s Heritage Irrigation Structures in 2019. To explore the ecological environment quality distribution and change of the Hetao irrigation area in the latest ten years, greenness, wetness, dryness,hotness, and remote sensing ecology index were calculated based on the Landsat series satellite TM(2010) and OLI/TIRS(2016, 2020) images. Results showed that, from 2010 to 2020, the remote sensing ecology index increased to 0.57 from 0.45,which depicted that the greenness increased, and wetness had a noticeable increasing trend, on the opposite, the dryness and hotness decreased, the overall ecology improved. The ecology standard of the desert and alkaline soil areas had an upward trend. Part of the research areas completed the transformation from desert land to vegetated areas, which revealed that human activity was a non-ignorable factor to the local environment and significantly raised ecology standard. This paper used multiple remote sensing factors and RSEI standards to explore the environmental change of the Hetao irrigation area, aiming to provide theoretical reference and scientific basis for the environmental protection and management of the research area.

关 键 词：河套灌区 遥感生态指数 生态环境质量 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]