食管癌放疗病人发生肺部感染的危险因素及护理对策  

Risk factors and nursing strategies of pulmonary infection in patients with esophageal cancer radiotherapy

作　　者：刘晓云 黄小梅 赖文娟 LIU Xiaoyun;HUANG Xiaomei;LAI Wenjuan(Ganzhou Cancer Hospital,Jiangxi 341000 China)

机构地区：[1]赣州市肿瘤医院,341000

出　　处：《全科护理》2022年第17期2397-2400,共4页Chinese General Practice Nursing

基　　金：赣州市指导性科技计划项目,编号:GZ2018ZSF359。

摘　　要：目的:探究食管癌(EC)放疗病人发生肺部感染的危险因素及护理对策。方法:回顾性收集2020年4月-2021年10月在医院行放疗的143例EC病人的临床资料,统计病人肺部感染发生情况,采用单因素分析、多因素Logistic回归分析筛选EC放疗病人发生肺部感染的危险因素。结果:143例EC放疗病人中有22例发生肺部感染,发生率为15.38%;单因素分析显示,年龄、糖尿病、吸烟史、营养不良、放疗时长、血清白蛋白水平是EC放疗病人发生肺部感染的相关因素(P<0.001);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁、合并糖尿病、有吸烟史、存在营养不良、放疗时长≥30 d是EC放疗病人发生肺部感染的危险因素(P<0.001);血清白蛋白水平高是EC放疗病人发生肺部感染的保护因素(P<0.001)。结论:年龄≥60岁、合并糖尿病、有吸烟史、存在营养不良、放疗时长≥30 d、血清白蛋白水平低是EC放疗病人发生肺部感染的危险因素,临床应根据危险因素予以EC病人针对性的护理干预,以降低肺部感染发生率。Objective:To explore the risk factors and nursing strategies of pulmonary infection in patients with esophageal cancer(EC)radiotherapy.Methods:The clinical data of 143 patients with EC who received radiotherapy in hospital from April 2020 to October 2021 were retrospectively collected.The incidence of pulmonary infection was analyzed,and the risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with EC radiotherapy were screened by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:Pulmonary infection occurred in 22 patients(15.38%)among 143 patients with EC radiotherapy.Univariate analysis showed that age,diabetes mellitus,smoking history,malnutrition,duration of radiotherapy and serum albumin level were the related factors for pulmonary infection in patients with EC radiotherapy(P<0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥60 years,diabetes mellitus,smoking history,malnutrition,radiotherapy duration≥30 days were the risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with EC radiotherapy(P<0.001).High serum albumin level was a protective factor for pulmonary infection in patients with EC radiotherapy(P<0.001).Conclusion:Age≥60 years,diabetes mellitus,smoking history,malnutrition,radiotherapy duration≥30 days,and low serum albumin level were risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with EC radiotherapy.Clinical nursing intervention should be given to EC patients according to the risk factors in order to reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection.

关 键 词：食管癌 放疗 肺部感染 危险因素 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]