“以赛代练”与“以赛带练”的哲学思辨及应用思考  

Philosophic Thinking and Applied Thinking of the Way of Replacing Training with Competition and the Way of Driving Training with Competition

作　　者：邓万金[1] DENG Wanjin(School of Physical Education,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen Guangdong 518060)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学体育学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2022年第3期107-112,共6页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国竞技体育核心竞争力形成机制与发展路径研究”(16BTY087)。

摘　　要：“以赛代练”与“以赛带练”的赛虽都是以提高运动员对比赛综合控制能力而连续参加的高强度比赛,但两者间仍存在明显的区别。具体内容上,“以赛代练”中的练指不局限于专项训练的涉及竞赛规则和竞赛心理等的综合训练,“以赛带练”中的练指应结合赛事层次目标划分的以专项训练为主的具有反馈性质的训练;适用对象上,“以赛代练”适合不具备比赛经验或经历的高水平运动员,“以赛带练”适合多层次水平运动员;就训练负荷上,“以赛代练”呈现的是高强度性负荷,“以赛带练”反映专项特征的特指性负荷;理论基础上,“以赛代练”执行的主线是系统训练理论,“以赛带练”突破周期训练理论和板块训练理论的束缚。最后,文章提出“以赛代练”的应用思考:围绕参赛目标科学设计分层递阶叠加路径,围绕专项能力整合优化多元进级提升策略;“以赛带练”的应用思考:根据目标整合训练指导思想优化竞技表现训练模型,根据竞技能力优化目标思路设计“改变-适应”训练周期模式。Although they are all high-intensity competitions in order to improve the comprehensive control ability of athletes,there are obvious differences between the way of replacing training with competition and the way of driving training with competition.In terms of specific content,the practice in substituting competition for practice refers to comprehensive training involving competition rules and competition psychology which is not limited to special training and the training in training with competition refers to the training with feedback nature which is mainly based on special training and divided by the level objectives of competitions.In terms of applicable objects,the competition instead of practice is suitable for high-level athletes who do not have competition experience or experience and the competition leading training is suitable for multi-level athletes.In terms of training load,the way of replacing training with competition shows high-intensity load and the way of driving training with competition shows the specific load reflecting the special characteristics of a specific event.In terms of the theory basis,the way of replacing training with competition executes the main line of the system training theory and the way of driving training with competition break through the shackles of periodic training theory and plate training theory.Finally,the author puts forward the application thinking of the way of replacing training with competition.We scientifically design the hierarchical superposition path around the objectives of the competition and optimize the multi-level promotion strategy around the integration of special capabilities.The application thinking of the way of driving training with competition are put forward.We should optimize the training model of competitive performance according to the guiding ideology of goal integration training and should design the training cycle model of change-adapt according to the idea of optimization of competitive ability.

关 键 词：“以赛代练” “以赛带练” 训练原理 专项能力 竞技表现 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]