基于遥感RMMF模型的喀斯特地区水土保持功能评价  

Evaluation of soil and water conservation function in karst region based on Remote Sensing RMMF Model

作　　者：宫晨 吴文瑾 段怡如 刘海江[3] 何金军 孙聪[3] 蒋倩 GONG Chen;WU Wenjin;DUAN Yiru;LIU Haijiang;HE Jinjun;SUN Cong;JIANG Qian(Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Sanya Institute of Remote Sensing,Sanya 572029,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring,China National Environmental Monitoring Centre,Beijing 100012,China;Scientific Research Institute of Forestry and Grassland Desertification Control in Ordos City,Ordos 017010,China;China Great Wall Industry Corporation,Beijing 100032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]三亚中科遥感研究所,三亚572029 [3]中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京100012 [4]鄂尔多斯市林业和草原科学研究所,鄂尔多斯017010 [5]北京航天长城卫星导航科技有限公司,北京100032

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第11期4389-4400,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：科技兴蒙重大专项课题(KJXM⁃EEDS⁃2020006)。

摘　　要：为支撑我国重点生态功能区生态效益补偿工作,以半物理水土模型RMMF(The Revised Morgan,Morgan and Finney Model)为基础,通过对模型部分输入物理量进行遥感化改进建立了遥感RMMF模型(RS⁃RMMF)。为在评价中进一步排除气象要素波动带来的水土流失量变化,通过RS⁃RMMF模型构建了单位降水截留率、单位径流冲蚀量以及单位径流运输量3项评价指标来综合评价区域生态系统本身的水土保持能力。研究选取了《全国主体功能区规划》中的桂黔滇喀斯特功能区为典型区,分别基于上述评价指标和经典RUSLE(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)模型开展了2011年至2019年水土保持功能计算与对比。结果表明:相比2011年,2019年喀斯特功能区的降水截留率PI_(0)升高1.94%,径流冲蚀量H_(0)下降5.96×10^(-4) Mg/hm^(2),径流运输量TC_(0)下降6.0×10^(-7) Mg/hm^(2),水土保持功能综合得分增加0.83,水土保持功能整体上得到小幅改善。计算结果与RUSLE模型对比结论基本一致,但在空间相对强弱的分布上存在显著差异,RS⁃RMMF模型的评价得分空间分布明显由植被属性主导,且受降水等因素影响较小。该模型可客观核算生态系统水土保持能力,为生态补偿机制的实施应用提供科学支撑。To support the ecological benefit compensation system of key ecological function areas in China,Remote Sensing RMMF(RS⁃RMMF)soil erosion model is established by selecting the optimized remote sensing factors and RMMF(The revised Morgan,Morgan and Finney model)model.RS⁃RMMF model eliminates the soil erosion changes caused by the fluctuation of meteorological elements.The function of soil and water conservation is evaluated by constructing three evaluation indexes of unit rainfall interception rate,unit runoff erosion amount and unit runoff transportation volume.Karst functional areas in Guangxi,Guizhou and Yunnan are taken as the study area based on RS⁃RMMF model.The results show that compared with 2011,the rainfall interception rate PI_(0) in 2019 increased by 1.94%,the runoff erosion amount H_(0) decreased by 5.96×10^(-4) Mg/hm^(2),the runoff transportation volume TC_(0) decreased by 6.0×10^(-7) Mg/hm^(2),and the comprehensive score increased by 0.83.The overall water and soil conservation function has been slightly improved.Compared with RUSLE,the results of RS⁃RMMF model are basically consistent in the overall trend from 2011 to 2019.There are significant differences in the spatial distribution of the model results.The spatial distribution of the evaluation score of RS⁃RMMF is dominated by vegetation,but is less affected by precipitation factors.RS⁃RMMF model can objectively calculate the soil and water conservation capacity of the ecosystem,and provide scientific support for the application of ecological benefit compensation system.

关 键 词：水土保持评价 RS⁃RMMF模型 喀斯特功能区 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]