基于MaxEnt与ArcGIS的云南榧树潜在生境分析  

Analysis of potential habitat of Torreya yunnanensis based on MaxEnt and ArcGIS

作　　者：周炳江 王玉洁 马长乐[1] 樊智丰[1] 郑进烜[3] ZHOU Bingjiang;WANG Yujie;MA Changle;FAN Zhifeng;ZHENG Jinxuan(College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;School of Geography and Ecotourism,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Forest Inventory and Planning Institute of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,昆明650224 [3]云南省林业调查规划院,昆明650051

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第11期4485-4493,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360037)。

摘　　要：为明确国家二级保护树种—云南榧树(Torreya yunnanensis)的潜在生境分布区和保护现状,利用50个云南榧树的存在记录点和7个对其分布影响较高的主导环境因子(最冷季平均降水量、降水季节性变异系数、年温差范围、土壤容重、土壤类型、坡向和下层土壤中的百分比粘土)运用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)和地理信息系统(ArcGIS 10.2)模拟其在云南省的潜在生境的分布状况,并将其模拟结果与现有的云南省自然保护区的范围进行叠加分析。研究结果显示:(1)MaxEnt模型对云南榧树潜在生境的模拟的结果所表现出的精度高(AUC=0.977)。(2)云南榧树在云南省的潜在分布区主要集中在三江并流区,云南榧树潜在生境在云南省自然保护区内主要分布在高黎贡山(2364.35 km^(2),58.35%)、白马雪山(846.46 km^(2),31.66%)和云岭(625.55 km^(2),82.42%)自然保护区。(3)最冷季平均降水量(>75.58 mm)、降水季节性变异系数(<64.28)、年温差(24.08-26.40℃)是影响云南榧树在云南省潜在生境分布的主要气候因子。(4)金沙江可能是一个重要的榧属种间交流通道。综上,建议在云南省的维西县建立云南榧树自然保护小区,并在高黎贡山、白马雪山、云岭自然保护区内的高适宜区对其试点引种栽培,以探究云南榧树与当地环境的相互作用关系及云南榧树是否适合在当地进行大面积的培育。In order to clearly understand the distribution area of the potential habitat and the status quo of the protection for Chinese second⁃class protected tree species,Torreya yunnanensis.In the study,the authors used the Maximum Entropy Model(MaxEnt)and Geographical Information System(ArcGIS 10.2)to simulate Torreya yunnanensis′potential habitat distribution by analysing the data on 50 recorded points of Torreya yunnanensis′geographical location and the data on 7 main environmental factors.These factors include mean precipitation of the coldest quarter,precipitation seasonality(Coefficient of Variation),annual range of temperature,soil bulk density,soil type,aspect of the terrain,and subsoil clay fraction,which had a high influence on its distributing location in Yunnan Province of China.Then,the geographical range of potential habitat of Torreya yunnanensis simulated in this paper was overlapped with that of the nature reserves in Yunnan Province.The results showed that:(1)the MaxEnt model was used to simulate the geographical distribution of Torreya yunnanensis′potential habitat indicating high accuracy(AUC=0.977).(2)The distribution area of Torreya yunnanensis′potential habitat in Yunnan Province was mainly concentrated in the three⁃river parallel flow area of China.The future distribution areas of Torreya yunnanensis′living environment are mainly distributed in Gaoligong Mountain Nature Reserve(2364.35 km^(2),58.35%),Baima Snow Mountain Nature Reserve(846.46 km2,31.66%)and Yunling Nature Reserve(625.55 km2,82.42%).(3)Mean precipitation of the coldest quarter(>75.58 mm)and precipitation seasonality(Coefficient of Variation)(<64.28)and annual range of temperature(24.08-26.40℃)were the main climatic factors affecting the future distribution of Torreya yunnanensis in Yunnan.(4)The Jinsha River may be an important communication channel for Torreya species.Based on the above findings,it is suggested that a Torreya yunnanensis′nature conservation community should be established in Weixi County,Yunnan P

关 键 词：云南榧树 最大熵模型 潜在生境 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]