芽孢杆菌几种重要抗菌脂肽研究进展  

Advances in several important antimicrobial lipopeptids from Bacillus spp.

作　　者：李道明 王瑛 陈超 曾明白 李倩如 贾青云 刘秀丽[3] 侯勇跃[3] 范成明[2] 陈宇红[2] 胡赞民[2,4] LI Daoming;WANG Ying;CHEN Chao;ZENG Mingbai;LI Qianru;JIA Qingyun;LIU Xiuli;HOU Yongyue;FAN Chengming;CHEN Yuhong;HU Zanmin(Comprehensive Service Center of Agriculture and Rural Areas of Bincheng District,Binzhou 256600,Shandong,China;The Innovative Academy of Seed Design,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Veterinary Research Institute,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,Inner Mongolia,China;College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省滨州市滨城区农业农村综合服务中心,山东滨州256600 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所中国科学院种子创新研究院,北京100101 [3]内蒙古农牧业科学院兽医研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [4]中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京101408

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2022年第5期1768-1783,共16页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技厅项目(2020CG0058);中国科学院先导专项(XDA28030302-3)。

摘　　要：多种芽孢杆菌为益生菌,能分泌多种天然抗菌活性物质,其中脂肽是重要的一类。目前已鉴定的脂肽约有90多种,多数为环脂肽。脂肽中表面活性素(surfactin)、伊枯草菌素(iturin)、芬原素(fengycin)、杆菌霉素(bacillomycin)、多粘菌素(polymyxins)等是研究最广泛的脂肽。其中surfactin、iturin、fengycin由于其具有表面活性剂特性及抗真菌、抗细菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗炎症等功能,应用潜力巨大。本文对surfactin、iturin及fengycin的结构、功能、合成调控及其分离纯化和生产等方面的研究进展进行了评述。合成生物学是提高脂肽产量的重要手段,未来脂肽可用于种植业、养殖业、食品、医药、石油工业和环保等领域,因此需要在新型脂肽的发现、高产活性脂肽的生产、脂肽低廉生产技术的研发及安全性的评估等方面加强研究。Bacillus spp. are probiotics and can secrete a variety of natural antimicrobiol active substances, of which lipopeptides are an important class. Up to now, about 90 lipopeptides have been identified, and most of them are cyclic lipopeptides. surfactin, iturin, fengycin, bacillomycin and polymyxins are widely studied, and the first three have huge potential for application due to their properties of surfactants and anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory functions. In this paper, the research progress in the structure, function, synthesis regulation, separation,purification and production of surfactin, iturin and fengycin was reviewed. Synthetic biology is a vital means to increase the yield of lipopeptides, and in the future, lipopeptides can be used in crop cultivation, animal farming, food, medicine and petroleum industries as well as environmental protection. Future research should be strengthened on the discovery of new lipopeptides, synthesis of high-activity lipopeptides, economical production of lipopeptides on a large scale and their safety evaluation.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 脂肽 结构 功能 合成调控 

分 类 号：Q939.9[生物学—微生物学]