中华猕猴桃多倍体诱导及其抗旱筛选  

Polyploid Induction of Actinidia chinensis and Its Drought Resistant Screening

作　　者：奚登贤 魏卓 张汉尧[1] XI Dengxian;WEI Zhuo;ZHANG Hanyao(Southwest Forestry University/Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China,Kunming Yunnan 650224)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学/西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业局重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2022年第11期33-37,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201810677002)。

摘　　要：中华猕猴桃多在坡地种植,易受干旱影响。为提高其抗旱能力,拟通过多倍体诱导及抗旱鉴定,筛选出新的抗旱种质。本研究在离体培养的条件下,以中华猕猴桃叶片为材料,以不同浓度的秋水仙素为诱导剂,对中华猕猴桃进行多倍体诱导,然后将二倍体和四倍体组培苗在聚乙二醇(PEG)浓度为70 g/L的生根培养基中培养,进行模拟干旱胁迫处理。结果表明:秋水仙素浓度为0.15%、处理时间为168 h时,诱导效果最好,死亡率为36.67%,诱导率为26.67%;在含PEG的生根培养基中,中华猕猴桃二倍体和四倍体组培苗的生长均受到了不同程度的抑制。在第14天时,二倍体组培苗叶片干枯卷曲并且脱落,根系完全褐化干枯死亡;而四倍体组培苗虽有部分叶片干枯卷曲,但转入正常的生根培养基后还可以复绿长出新的根系和叶片。说明用秋水仙素对中华猕猴桃的组培苗进行多倍体诱导和PEG筛选,可选育出抗旱种质。Actinidia chinensis is mostly planted on slopes and is vulnerable to drought conditions.In order to improve its drought resistance,it is planned to screen new drought resistant germplasm through polyploid induction and drought resistance identification.In this study,the polyploid of A.chinensis was induced by taking the leaves of A.chinensis as materials and different concentrations of colchicine as inducers under in vitro culture conditions,and then the diploid tissue culture seedlings and tetraploid tissue culture seedlings were cultured in the rooting medium with polyethylene glycol(PEG)concentration of 70 g/L for simulated drought stress treatments.The results showed that when the concentration of colchicine was 0.15%and the treatment time was 168 h,the induction effect was the best,the mortality was 36.67%,and the induction rate was 26.67%.In the rooting medium containing PEG,the growth of A.chinensis diploid and tetraploid tissue culture seedlings was inhibited in varying degrees.On the 14th day,the leaves of the diploid tissue culture seedlings withered,curled and fell off,and the roots completely browned,withered and died.Although some leaves of tetraploid tissue culture seedlings were dry and curled,but the tetraploid plants could turn green and grow new roots and leaves after being transferred to normal rooting medium.It suggested that polyploid induction of tissue culture seedlings with colchicine and PEG screening of A.chinensis could be used for selecting drought resistant germplasm.

关 键 词：中华猕猴桃 多倍体 秋水仙素 诱导 抗旱 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]